Long-Term Monitoring and Analysis of Hourly Solar UV Radiation in the 290-380 <i>nm</i> Range in the Middle Region of Saudi Arabia

Al-Ayed, Mohammed S.; Mahfoodh, M. Bin

doi:10.1080/10473289.2000.10464148

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…S3, available at Annals of Occupational Hygiene online). Long-term monitoring and analysis of solar radiation trends in SA have indicated that the solar radiation intensity increases with sunrise, reaching its maximum at 12 p.m., then decreases as the elevation of the sun decreases (Al-Dhafiri et al , 2000). Higher RH in the morning than in the afternoon is a result of the lower air temperature during the morning, which in turn decreases the ability of the air to hold water compared to later in the day (Davis et al , 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Heat Stress Exposure among Construction Workers in the Hot Desert Climate of Saudi Arabia

Al-Bouwarthan

Quinn

Kriebel

et al. 2019

Annals of Work Exposures and Health

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Objectives Excessive heat exposure poses significant risks to workers in hot climates. This study assessed the intensity and duration of heat stress exposure among workers performing residential construction in southeastern Saudi Arabia (SA) during the summer, June–September 2016. Objectives were to: identify work factors related to heat stress exposure; measure environmental heat exposure at the construction sites; assess the heat stress risk among workers using the wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) index; and determine if temperature-humidity indices can be appropriate alternatives to WBGT for managing heat stress risk at the construction sites. Methods Worksite walkthrough surveys and environmental monitoring were performed, indoors and outdoors, at 10 construction sites in Al-Ahsa Province. A heat stress exposure assessment was conducted according to the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH®) guidelines, which uses the WBGT index. WBGT measurements from two instruments were compared. Alternative heat stress indices were compared to the WBGT: the heat index (HI) and humidex (HD) index. Results Construction workers were exposed to excessive heat stress, indoors and outdoors over a large part of the work day. Complying with a midday outdoor work ban (12–3 p.m.) was not effective in reducing heat stress risk. The highest intensity of exposure was outdoors from 9 a.m. to 12 p.m.; a period identified with the highest hourly mean WBGT values (31–33°C) and the least allowable working time according to ACGIH® guidelines. Comparison of the alternative indices showed that the HI is more reliable than the HD as a surrogate for the WBGT index in the climate studied. Conclusion The extreme heat exposure represents a serious risk. The severity of heat stress and its impact are projected to increase due to climate change, emphasizing the need for immediate improvement of the current required protective measures and the development of occupational heat stress exposure guidelines in SA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Heat Stress Exposure among Construction Workers in the Hot Desert Climate of Saudi Arabia

Al-Bouwarthan

Quinn

Kriebel

et al. 2019

Annals of Work Exposures and Health

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“…The UV solar radiation is stronger in regions closer to the equator. In Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (25°N latitude), the maximum UV solar radiation was found to be up to 28 mW cm À2 at noon (28). Sabburg et al found a whole-day average of about 1 mW cm À2 day À1 in Toowoomba, Australia (28°S latitude), but unfortunately did not indicate the maximum UV solar radiation (29).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The UV solar radiation is stronger in regions closer to the equator. In Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (25°N latitude), the maximum UV solar radiation was found to be up to 28 mW cm −2 at noon . Sabburg et al .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

UVA Light‐mediated Ascorbate Oxidation in Human Lenses

Rakete

Nagaraj

2017

Photochem & Photobiology

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Whether ascorbate oxidation is promoted by UVA light in human lenses and whether this process is influenced by age and GSH levels are not known. In this study, we used paired lenses from human donors. One lens of each pair was exposed to UVA light whereas the other lens was kept in the dark for the same period of time as the control. Using LC-MS/MS analyses, we found that older lenses (41 to 73 years) were more susceptible to UVA-induced ascorbate oxidation than younger lenses (18 to 40 years). Approximately 36% of the ascorbate (relative to control) was oxidized in older lenses compared to ~16% in younger lenses. Furthermore, lenses with higher levels of GSH were less susceptible to UVA-induced ascorbate oxidation compared to those with lower levels, and this effect was not dependent on age. The oxidation of ascorbate led to elevated levels of reactive α-dicarbonyl compounds. In summary, our study showed that UVA light exposure leads to ascorbate oxidation in human lenses and that such oxidation is more pronounced in aged lenses and is inversely related to GSH levels. Our findings suggest that UVA light exposure could lead to protein aggregation through ASC oxidation in human lenses.

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Distribution of Ultraviolet solar Radiation at Riyadh Region, Saudi Arabia

Elani

2006

Environ Monit Assess

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The ultraviolet UV solar radiation flux is monitored over a fixed time interval to study the daily, monthly and annual variations for a nearly one decade in Riyadh. Mathematical expressions will be presented based on a comparison between theoretical and experimental values. It is believed that the present analysis of UV radiation suggest that the environmental effects led to a better understanding of UV scattering, UV reflection, ozone and clouds layers in Riyadh and other selected areas in the mid-east region.

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Long-Term Monitoring and Analysis of Hourly Solar UV Radiation in the 290-380 nm Range in the Middle Region of Saudi Arabia

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Assessment of Heat Stress Exposure among Construction Workers in the Hot Desert Climate of Saudi Arabia

Assessment of Heat Stress Exposure among Construction Workers in the Hot Desert Climate of Saudi Arabia

UVA Light‐mediated Ascorbate Oxidation in Human Lenses

Distribution of Ultraviolet solar Radiation at Riyadh Region, Saudi Arabia

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