Long-term modulation of the intrinsic cardiac nervous system by spinal cord neurons in normal and ischaemic hearts

Armour, J. Andrew; Linderoth, Bengt; Arora, Rakesh C.; DeJongste, Mike J. L.; Ardell, Jeffrey L.; Kingma, John G.; Hill, Michael R.S.; Foreman, Robert D.

doi:10.1016/s1566-0702(01)00377-0

Cited by 75 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In the present study an even high stimulation frequency of 50 Hz was used. Additionally, SCS at the same parameters as used in this present study does not change blood pressure, heart rate and cardiac pressurevolume loops (Armour et al 2002;Kingma et al 2001).…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…These parameters are used in other studies that also demonstrate longer periods of inhibition of intraspinal nociceptive transmission (Lindblom et al 1977;Rees and Roberts 1989;Yakhnitsa et al 1999). The long lasting effects of SCS also occurred when recordings were made from neurons of the intrinsic cardiac nervous system (Armour et al, 2002). The important point of this study was these long lasting effects were observed in spinal neurons that responded to a noxious visceral stimulus.…”

Section: Effects Of L2-l3 Scsmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Spinal cord stimulation modulates intraspinal colorectal visceroreceptive transmission in rats

Qin

Lehew

Khan

et al. 2007

Neuroscience Research

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Previous studies have shown that spinal cord stimulation (SCS) of upper lumbar segments decreases visceromotor responses to mechanical stimuli in a sensitized rat colon and reduces symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome in patients. SCS applied to the upper cervical spinal dorsal column reduces pain of chronic refractory angina. Further, chemical stimulation of C1-C2 propriospinal neurons in rats modulates the responses of lumbosacral spinal neurons to colorectal distension. The present study was designed to compare the effects of upper cervical and lumbar SCS on activity of lumbosacral neurons receiving noxious colorectal input. Extracellular potentials of L6-S2 spinal neurons were recorded in pentobarbital anesthetized, paralyzed and ventilated male rats. SCS (50 Hz, 0.2 ms) at low intensity (90% of motor threshold) was applied to the dorsal column of upper cervical (C1-C2) or upper lumbar (L2-L3) ipsilateral spinal segments. Colorectal distension (CRD, 20, 40, 60 mmHg, 20 s) was produced by air inflation of a latex balloon. Results showed that SCS applied to L2-L3 and C1-C2 segments significantly reduced the excitatory responses to noxious CRD from 417.6±68.0 imp to 296.3±53.6 imp (P<0.05, n=24) and from 336.2±64.5 imp to 225.0±73.3 imp (P<0.05, n= 18), respectively. Effects of L2-L3 and C1-C2 SCS lasted 10.2±1.9 min and 8.0 ±0.9 min after offset of CRD. Effects of SCS were observed on spinal neurons with either high or low threshold excitatory responses to CRD. However, L2-L3 or C1-C2 SCS did not significantly affect inhibitory neuronal responses to CRD. C1-C2 SCS-induced effects were abolished by cutting the C7-C8 dorsal column but not by spinal transection at cervicomedullary junction. These data demonstrated that upper cervical or lumbar SCS modulated responses of lumbosacral spinal neurons to noxious mechanical stimulation of the colon, thereby, proved two loci for a potential therapeutic effect of SCS in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and other colonic disorders.

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Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Effects Of L2-l3 Scsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Spinal cord stimulation modulates intraspinal colorectal visceroreceptive transmission in rats

Qin

Lehew

Khan

et al. 2007

Neuroscience Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Another theory is that SCS may cause a redistribution of the local blood flow and a decrease in the coronary oxygen demand (Eliasson et al, 1993;Jessurun et al, 1996;Linderoth and Foreman, 1999). Recently, it was proposed that SCS stabilizes the intrinsic cardiac nervous system and improves cardiac function (Foreman et al, 2000;Armour et al, 2002;Cardinal et al, 2006). Pre-emptive SCS is likely to protect myocardium from effects of critical ischemia (Southerland et al, 2006).…”

Section: 15mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SCS has been reported to produce the local release of catecholamine in the myocardium (Armour et al, 2002;Ardell et al, 2005). Catecholamines have also been reported to protect heart from transient myocardial ischemia-induced apoptosis mediated by α 1 -PKC pathway and ß-PKA pathway (Broadley and Penson, 2004;).…”

Section: 26mentioning

confidence: 99%

Putative mechanisms behind effects of spinal cord stimulation on vascular diseases: A review of experimental studies

Linderoth

Foreman

2008

Autonomic Neuroscience

156

106

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Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a widely used clinical technique to treat ischemic pain in peripheral, cardiac and cerebral vascular diseases. The use of this treatment advanced rapidly during the late 80's and 90's, particularly in Europe. Although the clinical benefits of SCS are clear and the success rate remains high, the mechanisms are not yet completely understood. SCS at lumbar spinal segments (L2-L3) produces vasodilation in the lower limbs and feet which is mediated by antidromic activation of sensory fibers and decreased sympathetic outflow. SCS at thoracic spinal segments (T1-T2) induces several benefits including pain relief, reduction in both frequency and severity of angina attacks, and reduced short-acting nitrate intake. The benefits to the heart are not likely due to an increase, or redistribution of local blood flow, rather, they are associated with SCS-induced myocardial protection and normalization of the intrinsic cardiac nervous system. At somewhat lower cervical levels (C3-C6), SCS induces increased blood flow in the upper extremities. SCS at the upper cervical spinal segments (C1-C2) increased cerebral blood flow, which is associated with a decrease in sympathetic activity, an increase in vasomotor center activity and a release of neurohumoral factors. This review will summarize the basic science studies that have contributed to our understanding about mechanisms through which SCS produces beneficial effects when used in the treatment of vascular diseases. Furthermore, this review will particularly focus on the antidromic mechanisms of SCS-induced vasodilation in the lower limbs and feet.

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“…Later Armour and coworkers showed this latency following electrical nerve stimulation, also to occur in the intra cardiac neurons, in the presence of myocardial ischemia. 92 Jessurun et al demonstrate that this post-analgesic effect may even last for weeks. 93 This prolonged stimulation effect may affect study outcomes.…”

Section: Electrical Neuromodulation and Myocardial Ischemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Neuromodulation and the Heart with Special Emphasis on Myocardial Ischemia

DeJongste¹

2012

Topics in Neuromodulation Treatment

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Long-term modulation of the intrinsic cardiac nervous system by spinal cord neurons in normal and ischaemic hearts

Cited by 75 publications

References 15 publications

Spinal cord stimulation modulates intraspinal colorectal visceroreceptive transmission in rats

Spinal cord stimulation modulates intraspinal colorectal visceroreceptive transmission in rats

Putative mechanisms behind effects of spinal cord stimulation on vascular diseases: A review of experimental studies

Electrical Neuromodulation and the Heart with Special Emphasis on Myocardial Ischemia

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