Long-term Memory Response After a Single Intramuscular Rabies Booster Vaccination 10–24 Years After Primary Immunization

Pijper, Cornelis Adrianus De; Langedijk, Annefleur C; Terryn, Sanne; Gucht, Steven Van; Grobusch, Martin P.; Goorhuis, Abraham; Stijnis, Cornelis

doi:10.1093/infdis/jiab034

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…If their activities change over time, the recommendations of the new risk category should be followed to ensure long-term immunogenicity. Persons in risk category 3 who do not obtain the titer check or booster dose recommended by ACIP within the specified interval can be realigned with the ACIP recommendations (i.e., they should first have a random titer checked regardless of their immune status); for some, titers remain ≥0.5 IU/mL ( 16 ) and a booster dose is not required. However, for those whose titer is <0.5 IU/mL, a booster should be administered and then titers checked no sooner than 1 week (preferably 2–4 weeks) later.…”

Section: Clinical Guidancementioning

confidence: 99%

Use of a Modified Preexposure Prophylaxis Vaccination Schedule to Prevent Human Rabies: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices — United States, 2022

Rao¹,

Briggs²,

Moore³

et al. 2022

MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep.

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Section: Clinical Guidancementioning

confidence: 99%

Use of a Modified Preexposure Prophylaxis Vaccination Schedule to Prevent Human Rabies: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices — United States, 2022

Rao¹,

Briggs²,

Moore³

et al. 2022

MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep.

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“…PreP is administered in order to ensure that a vaccinated person can mount a rapid anamnestic response to booster vaccination in the event of a future exposure. There are several studies that have evaluated and confirmed evidence of an anamnestic response after booster in patients that have received PreP by IM and ID routes of administration, including up to 10 to 24 years after receiving the initial PreP series [ 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ]. It is important to withdraw a blood sample prior to administering the booster dose or doses of vaccine in order to quantify the baseline titer prior to booster.…”

Section: Comparing the Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Route of Administration of Rabies Vaccines: Comparing the Data

Briggs

Moore

2021

Viruses

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Cell culture rabies vaccines were initially licensed in the 1980s and are essential in the prevention of human rabies. The first post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) vaccination regimen recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) was administered intramuscularly over a lengthy three-month period. In efforts to reduce the cost of PEP without impinging on safety, additional research on two strategies was encouraged by the WHO including the development of less expensive production methods for CCVs and the administration of reduced volumes of CCVs via the intradermal (ID) route. Numerous clinical trials have provided sufficient data to support a reduction in the number of doses, a shorter timeline required for PEP, and the approval of the intradermal route of administration for PEP and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PreP). However, the plethora of data that have been published since the development of CCVs can be overwhelming for public health officials wishing to review and make a decision as to the most appropriate PEP and PreP regimen for their region. In this review, we examine three critical benchmarks that can serve as guidance for health officials when reviewing data to implement new PEP and PreP regimens for their region including: evidence of immunogenicity after vaccination; proof of efficacy against development of disease; and confirmation that the regimen being considered elicits a rapid anamnestic response after booster vaccination.

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“…Further, 38% of dogs in vaccinated wards with inadequate RFFIT titer (<0.5 IU/mL) showed adequate levels of IFN-γ (≥3 ± 1 pg/mL), and surprisingly, 100% of the dogs from wards where MDV was not implemented and also had inadequate RFFIT titer (<0.5 IU/mL) showed adequate levels of IFN-γ. This may be attributed to the previous vaccinations undertaken as part of the ABC-ARV program and the T-cell memory [ 30 , 31 , 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Immune Responses to Rabies Vaccination in Free-Ranging Dogs in Bengaluru, India

et al. 2023

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Rabies is a fatal encephalomyelitis mainly transmitted to humans and other animals by rabid dog bites. Hence, vaccination programs are being instituted for the control of rabies in dogs. Though stray dogs have been vaccinated for years under various programs initiated for control of the disease, the effectiveness of these programs can be ascertained only by assessing the immunity of these dogs. With this in view, a study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of the ongoing mass dog vaccination (MDV) program by the Bengaluru City Municipal Corporation, Bengaluru, India. Whole blood and serum samples (n = 260) from vaccinated stray dogs in 26 wards of 8 corporation zones were tested by rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT) as well as an in-house quantitative indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) for a humoral response and by interferon-gamma (IFN–γ) ELISA for a cellular response. As determined by the cut-off value of 0.5 IU/mL of serum, 71% and 87% of the samples from vaccinated dogs revealed adequate levels of antibodies presumed to confer protection by RFFIT and iELISA, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the iELISA were 100% and 63.3%, respectively. The IFN–γ ELISA revealed adequate cellular response in 50% of the samples. The quantitative iELISA was found to be useful in large-scale seromonitoring of MDV programs to aid in the elimination of dog-mediated rabies.

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Long-term Memory Response After a Single Intramuscular Rabies Booster Vaccination 10–24 Years After Primary Immunization

Cited by 6 publications

References 12 publications

Use of a Modified Preexposure Prophylaxis Vaccination Schedule to Prevent Human Rabies: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices — United States, 2022

Use of a Modified Preexposure Prophylaxis Vaccination Schedule to Prevent Human Rabies: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices — United States, 2022

The Route of Administration of Rabies Vaccines: Comparing the Data

Assessment of Immune Responses to Rabies Vaccination in Free-Ranging Dogs in Bengaluru, India

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