Long-term management of a cat with nasopharyngeal lymphoma by chlorambucil

Takahashi, Kaho; Baba, Takashi; Hirokawa, Marin; Miyajima, Masaki; Kishimoto, Miori; Kimura, Junko; Kondo, Hirotaka; Ohmori, Kitaro

doi:10.5455/ovj.2021.v11.i2.5

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In addition, considering the immunophenotype of the lymphomas in this study, it was notable that B-cell lymphomas were more pronounced than the other immunophenotypes, aligning with findings from previous studies [13,25,40]. On the other hand, other studies reported that T-cell phenotypes were more prominent than B-cell phenotypes [5,41].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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The Expression Levels of CD20 as a Prognostic Value in Feline B-Cell Nasal Lymphoma: A Pilot Study

Chaipoca,

Sirinarumitr,

Srisampan

et al. 2024

Animals

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The effect of the semi-quantitative expression of CD20 in the prognosis of feline nasal lymphoma has not been described. This study investigated the prognostic significance of CD20 expression, clinicopathological characterization, and treatment outcomes in cats with nasal lymphoma. Clinical data from cats diagnosed with nasal lymphoma were retrospectively collected, including signalment, clinical signs, clinicopathological variables, treatment outcomes, and survival times. Using ImageJ software, CD20 expression was semi-quantitatively measured based on the proportion of CD20-positive areas. Correlations between laboratory findings, immunohistochemical expressions, and survival outcomes were investigated. All cats included in the study exhibited the B-cell immunophenotype. During treatment, a reduction in PCV was noted in the cats at the second and sixth weeks (p = 0.01 and p = 0.01, respectively). The cats with low CD20 expression exhibited a significantly shorter MST (91 days; 95% CI, 41–141) than those with high CD20 expression (MST, 214 days; 95% CI, 76–351) (p = 0.01). Stage T1 cats displayed a higher MST (143 days; 95% CI, 144–172) than those in other stages > T1 (120 days, 95% CI, 71–169 days) (p = 0.04). Anemia, a common adverse effect in feline nasal lymphoma, did not impact MST. T1 clinical staging and high CD20 expression showed a trend for better MST.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Feline lymphoma commonly occurs in older, feline leukemia virus (FeLV)-negative cats [10]. Treatment options for this type of lymphoma include chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy [11][12][13]. The median survival time (MST) for cats with nasal lymphoma ranged widely post-treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Expression Levels of CD20 as a Prognostic Value in Feline B-Cell Nasal Lymphoma: A Pilot Study

Chaipoca,

Sirinarumitr,

Srisampan

et al. 2024

Animals

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“…A recent case report with naive feline nasopharyngeal large B-cell lymphoma noted a long-term clinical benefit following treatment with chlorambucil alone. 21 In this case, the cat did not experience adverse effects associated with chlorambucil, or clinical signs consistent with local relapsing lymphoma for 754 days. In our case, the cat responded to rescue chemotherapy with chlorambucil for 7 months with mild gastrointestinal symptoms, ALT elevation and neutropenia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Successful rescue treatment using chlorambucil for presumed recurrence of sinonasal lymphoma in a cat

Goto

Muto

Iwasaki

et al. 2023

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports

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Case summary A 12-year-old male neutered domestic shorthair cat presented with a 2-week history of serous unilateral nasal discharge, swelling of the nasal bridge and sneezing. Whole-body CT revealed a mass filling the entire right nasal cavity with lysis of the cribriform plate. The cat was diagnosed with sinonasal large-cell lymphoma based on cytopathological analysis, with PCR-based lymphocyte clonality testing showing a monoclonal population with rearrangement of the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene. The cat received radiotherapy with a dose of 30 Gy in seven fractions given three times weekly, and then cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone (CHOP)-based chemotherapy was initiated soon after completion of the radiotherapy schedule. Despite this treatment, CT performed 4 months after radiotherapy revealed enlargement of the lesion in the right nasal cavity consistent with presumed progression of the cat’s lymphoma. The cat then received rescue chemotherapy with chlorambucil, which markedly reduced the size of the disease burden in the nasal and frontal sinus without severe adverse effects. At the time of writing, the cat was receiving chlorambucil for 7 months without any clinical signs suggestive of tumour relapse. Relevance and novel information To our knowledge, this is the first case of feline sinonasal lymphoma with chlorambucil used as rescue chemotherapy. This case indicates that chemotherapy with chlorambucil may be a useful treatment option for cats with relapsing sinonasal lymphoma following radiotherapy and/or CHOP-based chemotherapy.

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Nasal Lymphoma with Low Mitotic Index in Three Cats Treated with Chlorambucil and Prednisolone

Beatty

Tse

et al. 2022

Veterinary Sciences

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Lymphoma is the most common tumor of the nasal cavity in cats. Commonly used treatment modalities are radiotherapy and chemotherapy, or both. Typical chemotherapy protocols used in cats with nasal lymphoma are COP (cyclophosphamide, vincristine prednisolone) and CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone). Thus far, the use of single-agent chlorambucil in nasal lymphoma has been evaluated in a single case report. We report a case series of three cats with B cell nasal lymphoma, two cats with intermediate cell, and one large cell, all with a low mitotic index (MI) of less than 5 mitotic figures per ×400 field, treated with chlorambucil and prednisolone. Two of the cases achieved a long disease-free interval, while the one with the highest MI did not. Protocols using chlorambucil and prednisolone may have potential as a first-line therapy for feline nasal lymphoma cases with a very low mitotic index.

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Long-term management of a cat with nasopharyngeal lymphoma by chlorambucil

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

The Expression Levels of CD20 as a Prognostic Value in Feline B-Cell Nasal Lymphoma: A Pilot Study

The Expression Levels of CD20 as a Prognostic Value in Feline B-Cell Nasal Lymphoma: A Pilot Study

Successful rescue treatment using chlorambucil for presumed recurrence of sinonasal lymphoma in a cat

Nasal Lymphoma with Low Mitotic Index in Three Cats Treated with Chlorambucil and Prednisolone

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