Long-Term Lithium-Ion Battery Performance Improvement via Ultraviolet Light Treatment of the Graphite Anode

An, Seong Jin; Li, Jianlin; Sheng, Yang; Daniel, Claus; Wood, David L.

doi:10.1149/2.0171614jes

Cited by 34 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Error bars depict the standard deviation of the experimental data. Individual experimental data points are given by open circles, and average values are indicated by closed circles. − …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the Interface between Lithium Metal and Its Native Oxide

Lowe

Siegel

2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Owing to their high theoretical capacities, batteries that employ lithium (Li) metal as the negative electrode are attractive technologies for next-generation energy storage. However, the successful implementation of lithium metal batteries is limited by several factors, many of which can be traced to an incomplete understanding of surface phenomena involving the Li anode. Here, first-principles calculations are used to characterize the native oxide layer on Li, including several properties associated with the Li/lithium oxide (Li 2 O) interface. Multiple interface models are examined; the models account for differing interface (chemical) terminations and degrees of atomic ordering (i.e., crystalline vs amorphous). The interfacial energy, formation energy, and strain energies are predicted for these models. The amorphous interface yields the lowest interfacial formation energy, suggesting that it is the most probable model under equilibrium conditions. The work of adhesion is evaluated for the crystalline interfaces, and it is found that the O-terminated interface exhibits a work of adhesion more than 30 times larger than that of the Li-terminated model, implying that Li will strongly wet an oxygen-rich Li 2 O surface. The electronic structure of the interfaces is characterized using Voronoi charge analysis and shifts in the Li 1s binding energies. The width of the Li/Li 2 O interface, as determined by deviations from bulklike charges and binding energies, extends beyond the region exhibiting interfacial structural distortions. Finally, the transport of Li ions through the amorphous oxide is quantified using ab initio molecular dynamics. Facile transport of Li + through the native oxide is observed. Thus, increasing the percentage of amorphous Li 2 O in the solid electrolyte interphase may be beneficial for battery performance. In total, the phenomena quantified here will aid in the optimization of batteries that employ high-capacity Li metal anodes.

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“…Error bars depict the standard deviation of the experimental data. Individual experimental data points are given by open circles, and average values are indicated by closed circles. − …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the Interface between Lithium Metal and Its Native Oxide

Lowe

Siegel

2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…5. 62 The results of these studies seem to suggest that there are optimum levels or types of oxygen on electrodes although their exact functions in the wetting and SEI formation are not well understood yet.…”

Section: Shortening Formation Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Low-Cost, High-Energy Density, and High-Power Density Lithium-Ion Batteries

Ruther

et al. 2017

JOM

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225

136

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Reducing cost and increasing energy density are two barriers for widespread application of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles. Although the cost of electric vehicle batteries has been reduced by $70% from 2008 to 2015, the current battery pack cost ($268/kWh in 2015) is still >2 times what the USABC targets ($125/kWh). Even though many advancements in cell chemistry have been realized since the lithium-ion battery was first commercialized in 1991, few major breakthroughs have occurred in the past decade. Therefore, future cost reduction will rely on cell manufacturing and broader market acceptance. This article discusses three major aspects for cost reduction: (1) quality control to minimize scrap rate in cell manufacturing; (2) novel electrode processing and engineering to reduce processing cost and increase energy density and throughputs; and (3) material development and optimization for lithium-ion batteries with high-energy density. Insights on increasing energy and power densities of lithium-ion batteries are also addressed.

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“…It is quite possible that after the extended galvanostatic cycling, the a-Si SEI may also contain polycarbonate species, similar to what has been observed for the graphite anode after prolonged cycling. 6,45 Since polycarbonate compound presents similar vibrational modes as small carboxylate molecules, it is hard to differentiate their TERS spectra. Previous vibrational assignment in this frequency range relies only on IR spectroscopy.…”

Section: Shown In Figuresmentioning

confidence: 99%