Long-term Investigation of Sr- Isotope and Rare Earth Element Fractionation Processes Within Three Major Aquifers in the Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory (Sweden)

Hengsuwan, Manussawee; Heim, Christine; Simon, Klaus; Hansen, Bent

doi:10.1080/01490451.2014.962121

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…This is plausible, as the aquifer is highly influenced by Baltic Sea water which has the same fractionation pattern [e.g. 21 , 22 ]. It has been shown that iron oxides, regardless of their origin (biologic or abiotic) tend to mirror the REE-Y pattern of the respective fluid [ 37 ] Therefore, the REE-Y pattern of the Frutexites -like biofilm only indicates the marine origin of the fluid source.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Frutexites-like structures formed by iron oxidizing biofilms in the continental subsurface (Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory, Sweden)

et al. 2017

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Stromatolitic iron-rich structures have been reported from many ancient environments and are often described as Frutexites, a cryptic microfossil. Although microbial formation of such structures is likely, a clear relation to a microbial precursor is lacking so far. Here we report recent iron oxidizing biofilms which resemble the ancient Frutexites structures. The living Frutexites-like biofilms were sampled at 160 m depth in the Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory in Sweden. Investigations using microscopy, 454 pyrosequencing, FISH, Raman spectroscopy, biomarker and trace element analysis allowed a detailed view of the structural components of the mineralized biofilm. The most abundant bacterial groups were involved in nitrogen and iron cycling. Furthermore, Archaea are widely distributed in the Frutexites-like biofilm, even though their functional role remains unclear. Biomarker analysis revealed abundant sterols in the biofilm most likely from algal and fungal origins. Our results indicate that the Frutexites-like biofilm was built up by a complex microbial community. The functional role of each community member in the formation of the dendritic structures, as well as their potential relation to fossil Frutexites remains under investigation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most intense growth of the biofilms is observed at depths around 150 to 180 m below the surface. In this section of the tunnel, the groundwater originates from a brackish aquifer, which is influenced by Baltic Sea water [ 20 , 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frutexites-like structures formed by iron oxidizing biofilms in the continental subsurface (Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory, Sweden)

et al. 2017

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“…4000 bis 7500 Jahre vor heute) sowie Wässer mit höherer Salinität noch älteren Ursprungs (z.B. Hengsuwan et al 2015).…”

Section: Tiefenlabor äSpöunclassified

Geologische Exkursion Südost-Schweden

Vollbrecht¹,

Wemmer²

2019

Göttingen Contributions to Geosciences

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Microbial Composition and Diversity Patterns in Deep Hyperthermal Aquifers from the Western Plain of Romania

et al. 2017

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A limited number of studies have investigated the biodiversity in deep continental hyperthermal aquifers and its influencing factors. Here, we present the first description of microbial communities inhabiting the Pannonian and Triassic hyperthermal aquifers from the Western Plain of Romania, the first one being considered a deposit of "fossilized waters," while the latter is embedded in the hydrological cycle due to natural refilling. The 11 investigated drillings have an open interval between 952 and 3432 m below the surface, with collected water temperatures ranging between 47 and 104 °C, these being the first microbial communities characterized in deep continental water deposits with outflow temperatures exceeding 80 °C. The abundances of bacterial 16S rRNA genes varied from approximately 10-10 mL in the Pannonian to about 10-10 mL in the Triassic aquifer. A 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding analysis revealed distinct microbial communities in the two water deposits, especially in the rare taxa composition. The Pannonian aquifer was dominated by the bacterial genera Hydrogenophilus and Thermodesulfobacterium, together with archaeal methanogens from the Methanosaeta and Methanothermobacter groups. Firmicutes was prevalent in the Triassic deposit with a large number of OTUs affiliated to Thermoanaerobacteriaceae, Thermacetogenium, and Desulfotomaculum. Species richness, evenness, and phylogenetic diversity increased alongside with the abundance of mesophiles, their presence in the Triassic aquifer being most probably caused by the refilling with large quantities of meteoric water in the Carpathian Mountains. Altogether, our results show that the particular physico-cheminal characteristics of each aquifer, together with the water refilling possibilities, seem to determine the microbial community structure.

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Long-term Investigation of Sr- Isotope and Rare Earth Element Fractionation Processes Within Three Major Aquifers in the Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory (Sweden)

Cited by 4 publications

References 22 publications

Frutexites-like structures formed by iron oxidizing biofilms in the continental subsurface (Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory, Sweden)

Frutexites-like structures formed by iron oxidizing biofilms in the continental subsurface (Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory, Sweden)

Geologische Exkursion Südost-Schweden

Microbial Composition and Diversity Patterns in Deep Hyperthermal Aquifers from the Western Plain of Romania

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