Long Term Influence of Carbon Nanoparticles on Health and Liver Status in Rats

Abstract

Due to their excellent biocompatibility, carbon nanoparticles have been widely investigated for prospective biomedical applications. However, their impact on an organism with prolonged exposure is still not well understood. Here, we performed an experiment investigating diamond, graphene oxide and graphite nanoparticles, which were repeatedly administrated intraperitoneally into Wistar rats for four weeks. Some of the animals was sacrificed after the last injection, whereas the rest were sacrificed twelve weeks after the last exposure. We evaluated blood morphology and biochemistry, as well as the redox and inflammatory state of the liver. The results show the retention of nanoparticles within the peritoneal cavity in the form of prominent aggregates in proximity to the injection site, as well as the presence of some nanoparticles in the mesentery. Small aggregates were also visible in the liver serosa, suggesting possible transportation to the liver. However, none of the tested nanoparticles affected the health of animals. This lack of toxic effect may suggest the potential applicability of nanoparticles as drug carriers for local therapies, ensuring accumulation and slow release of drugs into a targeted tissue without harmful systemic side effects.

Diamond, graphite, and graphene oxide nanoparticles decrease migration and invasiveness in glioblastoma cell lines by impairing extracellular adhesion

“…nGO were obtained from the Institute of Electronic Materials Technology through a modified Hummers method from NG as previously described. 19 The nanopowders were dispersed in ultrapure water to prepare a 1.0 mg/mL solution. Immediately prior to exposure to cells, hydrocolloids of nanoparticles were sonicated for 30 min and diluted to different concentrations with supplemented Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's culture Medium (DMEM, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA).…”

Toxicology of graphene-based nanomaterials

“…al. have reported the intraperitoneal toxicity of GO, graphite and nanodiamonds administered to 6 weeks old female Wistar rats [109]. Nanoparticle suspensions were injected at a dose of 4 mg/kg for 4 or 12 weeks at three-day intervals.…”

Toxicity studies of six types of carbon nanoparticles in a chicken-embryo model

“…17 This is the same dose that was administrated to laboratory rats in our previous studies. 29,37 The CNPs were resuspended in WFI, which is commonly used for diluting or dissolving drugs for parenteral injection (including intravenous, intra-arterial, intramuscular, or subcutaneous injections). 38 WFI properties differ from Milli-Q water, and might explain the disparity between this work and previous research on GFM embryotoxicity.…”

“…Similar results have been reported previously. 4,[16][17][18]29,37 However, because blood serum homeostasis is tightly controlled, the lack of effects on serum indices might not necessarily reflect a lack of toxic effects. Therefore, we also examined the toxic effects of CNPs by screening for oxidative damage status in the livers of chicken embryos.…”