2011
DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.03.001
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Long-Term Horizontal Vocal Directivity of Opera Singers: Effects of Singing Projection and Acoustic Environment

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Cited by 27 publications
(18 citation statements)
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“…For this purpose, directivity has been measured specifically to aid in open office layout design (McKendree, 1986;Chu and Warnock, 2002) and small enclosure (vehicle) design (Bozzoli et al, 2005). Others have measured directivity for singing in an attempt to enhance singing performance conditions for both soloists (Marshall and Meyer, 1985;Cabrera et al, 2011) and group/choir singers (Marshall and Meyer 1985;Jers, 2007). Additional potential uses of speech/ singing directivity patterns include optimization of microphone placement for recording (Dunn and Farnsworth, 1939;Cabrera et al, 2011) and telecommunication purposes (Halkosaari et al, 2005), and for acoustical modeling of human talkers in virtual environments (e.g., video games).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…For this purpose, directivity has been measured specifically to aid in open office layout design (McKendree, 1986;Chu and Warnock, 2002) and small enclosure (vehicle) design (Bozzoli et al, 2005). Others have measured directivity for singing in an attempt to enhance singing performance conditions for both soloists (Marshall and Meyer, 1985;Cabrera et al, 2011) and group/choir singers (Marshall and Meyer 1985;Jers, 2007). Additional potential uses of speech/ singing directivity patterns include optimization of microphone placement for recording (Dunn and Farnsworth, 1939;Cabrera et al, 2011) and telecommunication purposes (Halkosaari et al, 2005), and for acoustical modeling of human talkers in virtual environments (e.g., video games).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Simultaneous horizontal plane data was collected by McKendree (1986) and more recently by Cabrera et al (2011) using microphones to create a full semicircle from directly in front of to directly behind the subject. While no data were collected in the vertical plane, the reported horizontal plane directivity patterns are likely more accurate than those in other studies as no repetitions were necessary.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Attenuation of sound energy at the rear of the source (180 • )c ompared to the sound energy at the front (0 • ). The data regarding the directivity of an opera singer wass ourced from [39], whereas the directivity of at alker wass ourced from [40]. have aminimum length that equals the reverberation time at high frequencies while allowing enough capture time for the decay of both lowa nd high frequencies [25], making 1.5s the minimum length possible for the measurements in Stonegate.…”
Section: Experiments In Ac Ontrolled Environmentmentioning
confidence: 99%