Long-term growth of three sympatric Dryopteris fern species shows the accumulation of climatic effects over 2 years because of organ preformation

Rünk, Kai; Zobel, Kristjan; Liira, Jaan

doi:10.1007/s10584-021-02967-8

Cited by 1 publication

(4 citation statements)

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“…Time lags of a year or more are commonly observed in responses of plants with extensive storage to short-term environmental variation ( Zimmerman and Whigham, 1992 ; Cunningham, 1997 ; Geber et al., 1997a , b ; Watson and Lu, 1999 ; Worley and Harder, 1999 ; Ehrlén and van Groenendael, 2001 ; Rünk et al., 2021 ). The failure to remobilize recently fixed assimilate within a growing season provides one explanation for the presence of such lags.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plants that store significant amounts of assimilate also frequently exhibit preformation ( Foerste, 1891 ; Randall, 1952 ; Lapointe, 2001 ; Schnablova et al., 2020 ; Rünk et al., 2021 ), a pattern of development in which organs are partially or completely determined one or more years before their expansion into mature structures ( Watson et al., 1995 , 1997 ; Diggle, 1997 ; Jones and Watson, 2001 ). The frequent co-occurrence of preformation with extensive storage suggests that the development and commitment of meristems to one or another structure is based upon the amount of assimilate stored, or being stored, at the time the developmental commitment is made.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mayapple development is characterized by preformation, a common feature of plants of the deciduous forest understory ( Foerste, 1891 ; Randall, 1952 ; Ott et al., 2019 ; Schnablova et al., 2020 ; Rünk et al., 2021 ; Rashid et al., 2023 ). New mayapple ramets are initiated almost two full years before their maturation aboveground ( Watson et al., 1997 ; Geber et al., 1997a , b ; Jones and Watson, 2001 ); they become morphologically determined as vegetative or sexual almost one full year before they emerge as aerial shoots and before the terminal bud reaches its final location on the forest floor and forms roots ( Foerste, 1884 ; Geber et al., 1997a , b ; Jones and Watson, 2001 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The early determination of the demographic fate of aerial shoots almost one full year before their emergence aboveground suggests that the developmental decision to produce one or the other shoot type is contingent upon more than just the net amount of carbon accumulated by the developing terminal ramet within the season of shoot expansion. Further it suggests that assessments regarding the amount of assimilate fixed and stored in prior years also are important ( Watson et al., 1997 ; Rünk et al., 2021 ; Rashid et al., 2023 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interactions between developmental phenology, carbon movement, and storage constrain demography in the understory clonal herb Podophyllum peltatum L.

Watson,

Vuorisalo

2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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Little is known about how carbon integration and storage dynamics affect and are affected by demography in field populations. We sought to elucidate this link by examining dynamic patterns of carbon integration relative to the timing of demographically significant developmental decisions regarding shoot type determination in mayapple, Podophyllum peltatum, a clonal plant with large and persistent rhizomes. Individual rhizome systems growing in natural populations were fed 14CO2 either in late-April, early-May, or mid-June, then harvested at intervals throughout the current season and into the next. When distribution of label was examined we found that carbon fixed at different times in the growing season is used differently: April-fixed assimilate remained in the labeled shoot or was moved into the old rhizome, May-fixed assimilate was found predominantly in the old rhizome, while early-June fixed assimilate moved into the old rhizome and the extending new ramet. Movement of assimilate into the old rhizome appeared to have precedence over formation of additional new ramets. Despite significant within season changes in location of dominant sinks within rhizome systems, there was little redistribution of labeled assimilate: early fixed assimilate was not used to fuel later within season growth, however, assimilate was redistributed between seasons. Vegetative and sexual systems differed in the distribution only of April-fixed assimilate. This was observed even though early labeling occurred prior to anthesis. Sexual systems retained a greater proportion of assimilate in the stem than did vegetative ones, which exported more to the old rhizome. 14C-distribution patterns did not vary between systems differing in future demographic status suggesting that the developmental decision regarding shoot type is based on resources acquired in prior years. We explore the hypothesis that preformation and storage are functionally linked traits that permit plants to coordinate the developmental determination of structures differing in cost and demographic function with known resource status. We conclude that demography influences and is influenced by integrative physiology and that physiological restrictions on within season redistribution of assimilates constrain plants’ capacities to respond to short-term environmental variation. Such constraints may affect plants’ abilities to respond to rapid environmental change in the Anthropocene.

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