Long-term global temperature variations under total solar irradiance, cosmic rays, and volcanic activity

Abstract

Graphical abstract

Short range electromagnetic interface using 0.35 μm CMOS blocks for temperature monitoring in isolated areas

“…Therefore, the goals defined in the introductory part of this article are fulfilled. Specific applications of presented concept can be found in wide areas of laboratory testing and monitoring of environmental conditions when many agriculture [27] or environmental tests [28] are in progress.…”

“…We selected the presented application example of our system because methodology of temperature monitoring and measurement (in specific areas and conditions) represent substantial subjects of development typical for natural areas (plants, animals) [27] as well as for research relating with volcanic activity or space environments [28] .…”

An Analysis on Integration of Solar and Wind Power into a Single-Phase Grid with an Optimal Parameterized Fractional-Order Pid Controller

“…As per reference [12], there are numerous disadvantages and challenges linked to the utilization of this energy source. A few of these are the solar system's non-linear design, poor energy efficiency, higher cost at the time of installation, and dependency on certain weather conditions like: temperature, pressure, wind and solar irradiance.…”

A Reconstruction of Total Solar Irradiance Based on Wavelet Analysis

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The total solar irradiance (TSI) refers to the sum of the solar electromagnetic radiation energy of all wavebands reaching the top of the earth's atmosphere per unit area in unit time at the average distance between the sun and the earth (Biktash & Lilia, 2017). Although the solar radiation energy received by the earth is only one in two billion of the total radiation energy from the sun to the space, but it is the main energy source of the earth's atmospheric movement, it is the most important energy source of the earth's atmospheric movement and an important external driving factor of global climate change (Haigh, 2007;Kren, 2015;Solanki et al, 2013).

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