Long Term Follow-up Results of External Beam Radiotherapy as Primary Treatment for Retinoblastoma

Choi, Soyoung; Kim, Misook; Yoo, SungYul; Cho, ChulKoo; Ji, Young Hoon; Kim, Kumbae; Seo, Youngseok; Park, Kyung Duk; Lee, JunAh; Lee, Tai-Won

doi:10.3346/jkms.2010.25.4.546

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Craniofacial deformities are reported after radiotherapy for head and neck tumors (72–74) including retinoblastoma (68) and rhabdomyosarcoma (69, 75–80). In a recent study, all of 25 retinoblastoma survivors treated with 35–54.9 Gy and followed for 5 to 21 years presented with midfacial hypoplasia (68).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recent study, all of 25 retinoblastoma survivors treated with 35–54.9 Gy and followed for 5 to 21 years presented with midfacial hypoplasia (68). Another study reported facial deformity in 73% of survivors of head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma exposed to 41.4–65.0 Gy and followed for a median of 20 years (75).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several observational studies (68, 75, 78, 82–86) have reported associations between radiotherapy and orbital hypoplasia. This association is also influenced by younger age at radiation (82).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Systematic Review of Selected Musculoskeletal Late Effects in Survivors of Childhood Cancer

Gawade¹,

Hudson²,

Kaste³

et al. 2015

CPR

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Survivors of childhood cancer are at risk for treatment-related musculoskeletal late effects. Early detection and orthopedic intervention can help ameliorate musculoskeletal late effects and prevent subsequent complications. This systematic review summarizes the literature describing associations between cancer, its treatment, and musculoskeletal late effects. We searched PubMed and Web of Science for English language articles published between January 1970 and December 2012. The search was limited to investigations with at least 15 participants and conducted at least 2 years after completion of therapy for childhood, adolescent, or young adult cancer. Some late skeletal effects, including low bone mineral density, osteonecrosis, slipped capital femoral epiphyses, oncogenic rickets, and hormone-related growth disturbances have been previously reviewed and were excluded, as were outcomes following amputation and limb-salvage procedures. Of 2347 references identified, 30 met inclusion criteria and were retained. An additional 54 studies that met inclusion criteria were found in reference lists of retained studies. Of 84 studies, 60 focused on associations between radiotherapy, six between chemotherapy, and 18 between surgery and musculoskeletal late effects. We found that younger age, higher radiation dosage, and asymmetric or partial bone radiation volume influences the effects of radiation on the musculoskeletal system. Methotrexate and vincristine are associated with long-term muscular strength and flexibility deficits. Laminectomy and chest wall resection are associated with spinal malalignment, and enucleation is associated with orbital deformities among survivors. Radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgery are associated with musculoskeletal late effects independently and additively. Associations are additionally influenced by host and treatment characteristics.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Systematic Review of Selected Musculoskeletal Late Effects in Survivors of Childhood Cancer

Gawade¹,

Hudson²,

Kaste³

et al. 2015

CPR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Moderate visual impairment is seen in 10-23% of eyes, whereas poor or no useful vision was in 20-41.7% of non-enucleated eyes. The best visual outcomes are noted in patients with early stages that spared the optic disc, macula, and fovea, suggesting that the location of tumors has an impact of visual outcome even after PRT [35][36][37][38].…”

Section: External Beam Radiation Therapy (Ebrt)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cataracts were the most common long-term complication in eyes treated with EBRT. Other ocular complications noted are radiation retinopathy, glaucoma, neovascularization, vitreous hemorrhage, retinal detachment, strabismus, and less common toxicities [35][36][37][38].…”

Section: External Beam Radiation Therapy (Ebrt)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinoblastoma: Update on Current Management

Almater¹,

Alfaleh²,

Alshomar³

et al. 2019

Retinoblastoma - Past, Present and Future

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Retinoblastoma (Rb) is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in children with an incidence from 1:15,000 to 1:20,000 live births. It can present as a unilateral or bilateral involvement of the eyes. It is generally induced by biallelic mutation of the RB1 tumor suppressor gene that leads to malignant transformation of primitive retinal cells. The most common presentation is leukocoria, followed by strabismus. The initial assessment and future treatment of such tumor should be based on the laterality, the stage of the tumor, and the presenting age of the child. In general, the primary target of therapy is to preserve the child's life. However, preserving the globe and preserving vision should be achieved whenever it's possible. Retinoblastoma treatment has evolved from enucleating the affected globe to also involving external beam radiation therapy, cryotherapy, laser photocoagulation, thermotherapy, brachytherapy, and chemotherapy (intravitreal, intra-arterial, and systematic). This chapter is intended to discuss briefly the clinical presentation of Rb, as well as a comprehensive review about the evolution and current treatment modalities with a focus on cases with low-risk features.

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A Road Map for Important Centers of Growth in the Pediatric Skeleton to Consider During Radiation Therapy and Associated Clinical Correlates of Radiation-Induced Growth Toxicity

Rao

Ladra

Dunn

et al. 2019

International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics

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With the increasing use of advanced radiation techniques such as intensity modulated radiation therapy, stereotactic radiation therapy, and proton therapy, radiation oncologists now have the tools to mitigate radiation-associated toxicities. This is of utmost importance in the treatment of a pediatric patient. To best use these advanced techniques to mitigate radiation-induced growth abnormalities, the radiation oncologist should be equipped with a nuanced understanding of the anatomy of centers of growth. This article aims to enable the radiation oncologist to better understand, predict, and minimize radiation-mediated toxicities on growth. We review the process of bone development and radiationinduced growth abnormalities and provide an atlas for contouring important growth plates to guide radiation treatment planning. A more detailed recognition of important centers of growth may improve future treatment outcomes in children receiving radiation therapy.

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Long Term Follow-up Results of External Beam Radiotherapy as Primary Treatment for Retinoblastoma

Cited by 15 publications

References 24 publications

A Systematic Review of Selected Musculoskeletal Late Effects in Survivors of Childhood Cancer

A Systematic Review of Selected Musculoskeletal Late Effects in Survivors of Childhood Cancer

Retinoblastoma: Update on Current Management

A Road Map for Important Centers of Growth in the Pediatric Skeleton to Consider During Radiation Therapy and Associated Clinical Correlates of Radiation-Induced Growth Toxicity

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