Long-term Follow-up of Hydrocephalic Infants Treated by Operation

Taylor, Alexander R.; Milliken, Jeffery; Davison, P. P.

doi:10.1136/bmj.2.5209.1356

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The intellectual performance is affected even if the hydrocephalus is treated and the overall IQ is in the low-average range or below (Heinsbergen et al 2002, Lindquist et al 2005, Lumenta and Scotarczak 1995 As a group, children with MMC have higher IQ scores than other subgroups with hydrocephalus (Hoppe-Hirsch et al 1998, Kao et al 2001. The verbal intelligence is often better preserved than the non-verbal (Dennis et al 1981, Lumenta and Scotarczak 1995, Riva et al 1994, but an advanced vocabulary does not always correspond to an understanding of the meaning of words or the context and these children often have problems with pragmatics and discourse (Brookshire et al 1995, Dennis et al 1994, Taylor et al 1960). Many children with hydrocephalus have problems with visual perception, visuoconstruction, visuo-orientation and recognition of faces (Houliston et al 1999).…”

Section: Cognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vision in children with hydrocephalus

Andersson¹,

Persson²,

Aring³

et al. 2006

Dev Med Child Neurol

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Aims: To analyse trends in the live-birth prevalence of infantile hydrocephalus and hydrocephalus associated with myelomeningocele (MMC) during the period [1989][1990][1991][1992][1993][1994][1995][1996][1997][1998][1999][2000][2001][2002] and to study the outcome in terms of learning disability, cerebral palsy, epilepsy and visual deficits. Another objective was to explore motor function and disability profiles in various aetiological and gestational-age subgroups and to see whether treatment complications and neuroradiological findings correlate with outcome. Material and methods: A population-based study of all 262 live-born children with infantile hydrocephalus and hydrocephalus associated with MMC born in 1989-2002 in western Sweden. Aetiological and clinical information was collected from medical records, neuroimaging and ophthalmological examinations. A subgroup of 114 children were clinically examined and interviewed. Results: The live-birth prevalence of hydrocephalus was 0.77 per 1,000 live births, 0.48 for infantile hydrocephalus and 0.29 for hydrocephalus associated with MMC. The prevalence of infantile hydrocephalus decreased from 0.55 in 1989 to 0.48 per 1,000 in 2002, while that of MMC decreased from 0.35 to 0.16 per 1,000 during the same period. The prevalence in children born extremely preterm increased dramatically, with a gestational-age-specific prevalence of 13 per 1,000 in 1989 compared with 45 per 1,000 live births in 2002. During the same period, the perinatal mortality in these children decreased from 40 to 15 per 1,000 live births. A ventriculoperitoneal shunt was the first surgical intervention in 230 children (88%), while an endoscopic ventriculostomy was performed in 31 (12%). At least one surgical revision was required in 64% of the children. Of children with infantile hydrocephalus, 63% had at least one associated impairment, compared with 33% in the MMC group, apart from the consequences of the spinal lesion. Visual and other ophthalmological impairments were identified in the majority of the children. Very preterm birth was associated with a high risk of visual impairment. No child with normal neuroimaging had any associated neurological or visual impairment, compared with eleven of twelve with impairments in children with generalised parenchymal lesions. Conclusions: A decrease in the prevalence of infantile hydrocephalus was noted during the period 1989-1998, but it did not continue in 1999-2002. The stagnation was mainly explained by the increased survival of children born extremely preterm with post-haemorrhagic hydrocephalus. The aetiology of the hydrocephalus and gestational age at birth were important for outcome. The majority of the children had some associated neuroimpairment, such as learning disability, cerebral palsy or epilepsy, and more than three-quarters had ophthalmological abnormalities. Neuroimaging was found to be useful for aetiological, treatment and outcome considerations.

show abstract

Section: Cognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vision in children with hydrocephalus

Andersson¹,

Persson²,

Aring³

et al. 2006

Dev Med Child Neurol

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show abstract

“…[3][4][5] Attempts to use the cerebral mantle thickness as a preoperative index of future potential has led one author to state "The present study has failed to yield any reliable correlation between preoperative cortical thickness and subsequent intellectual development. "6 Such a conclusion is strengthened when one reads various reports suggesting 0.5 cm,4 1 cm,6 less than 1 to 3 cm,7 1.2 cm,3 and 0.5 to 3.5 cm 8 as minimum preoperative cerebral mantle thickness that limits normal future development.…”

mentioning

confidence: 73%

Ventriculo-skull Distance

Shurtleff¹

1966

Am J Dis Child

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“…2 and 3 is that the weights of the hemispheres give the impression of starting out around the normal mean at birth, falling below it during the first year, and then recovering to the normal mean after the second year. Are these induced spontaneous arrests (Taylor, Milliken and Davison, 1960)? The brains of children with the Arnold-Chiari deformity are quite abnormal apart from the presence of hydrocephalus, and the pattern of brain weight increase that we have recorded may represent the natural growth pattern of this type of dysplastic brain.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Continual Decompression Using Holter Valve on Weights of Cerebral Hemispheres in Children with Hydrocephalus and Spina Bifida Cystica

Emery¹

1964

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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Long-term Follow-up of Hydrocephalic Infants Treated by Operation

Cited by 9 publications

References 1 publication

Vision in children with hydrocephalus

Vision in children with hydrocephalus

Ventriculo-skull Distance

Effect of Continual Decompression Using Holter Valve on Weights of Cerebral Hemispheres in Children with Hydrocephalus and Spina Bifida Cystica

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