Long-term follow-up of ACL reconstruction with hamstring autograft

Leiter, Jeff; Gourlay, Robert; McRae, Sheila; Korompay, Nevin de; MacDonald, Peter B.

doi:10.1007/s00167-013-2466-3

Cited by 77 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(76 reference statements)

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“…For development of tibiofemoral OA, three high risk of bias studies43 60 66 showed conflicting evidence. Moderate evidence was found for no relationship between male sex and OA development in compartment unspecified 25 35 67 68 75 79…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Which determinants predict tibiofemoral and patellofemoral osteoarthritis after anterior cruciate ligament injury? A systematic review

et al. 2015

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BackgroundAnterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is an important risk factor for development of knee osteoarthritis (OA). To identify those ACL injured patients at increased risk for knee OA, it is necessary to understand risk factors for OA.AimTo summarise the evidence for determinants of (1) tibiofemoral OA and (2) patellofemoral OA in ACL injured patients.MethodsMEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science and CINAHL databases were searched up to 20 December 2013. Additionally, reference lists of eligible studies were manually and independently screened by two reviewers. 2348 studies were assessed for the following main inclusion criteria: ≥20 patients; ACL injured patients treated operatively or non-operatively; reporting OA as outcome; description of relationship between OA outcome and determinants; and a follow-up period ≥2 years. Two reviewers extracted the data, assessed the risk of bias and performed a best-evidence synthesis.ResultsSixty-four publications were included and assessed for quality. Two studies were classified as low risk of bias. Medial meniscal injury/meniscectomy showed moderate evidence for influencing OA development (tibiofemoral OA and compartment unspecified). Lateral meniscal injury/meniscectomy showed moderate evidence for no relationship (compartment unspecified), as did time between injury and reconstruction (tibiofemoral and patellofemoral OA).ConclusionsMedial meniscal injury/meniscectomy after ACL rupture increased the risk of OA development. In contrast, it seems that lateral meniscal injury/meniscectomy has no relationship with OA development. Our results suggest that time between injury and reconstruction does not influence patellofemoral and tibiofemoral OA development. Many determinants showed conflicting and limited evidence and no determinant showed strong evidence.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Which determinants predict tibiofemoral and patellofemoral osteoarthritis after anterior cruciate ligament injury? A systematic review

et al. 2015

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“…The long term follow-up results of HS grafts are sparse and many studies use differing outcomes to report success and/or failure. Recently the 14 year results of 74 patients with HS graft reconstruction were reported by Leiter et al [24] looking at patient outcome scores as well as re-rupture rates. They used the IKDC Score and found that 75% of patients scored normal or nearly normal, however radiographic changes of Kellgren-Lawrence grade 3 were 19% in operated knees compared to 4% in the contralateral knee, this finding reached significance even after controlling for medial meniscal surgery.…”

Section: Graft Choicementioning

confidence: 99%

Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction best practice: A review of graft choice

Shaerf

Pastides

Sarraf

et al. 2014

WJO

109

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There is much literature about differing grafts used in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Much of this is of poor quality and of a low evidence base. We review and summarise the literature looking at the four main classes of grafts used in ACL reconstruction; bone-patella tendon-bone, hamstrings, allograft and synthetic grafts. Each graft has the evidence for its use reviewed and then compared, where possible, to the others. We conclude that although there is no clear "best" graft, there are clear differences between the differing graft choices. Surgeon's need to be aware of the evidence behind these differences, in order to have appropriate discussions with their patients, so as to come to an informed choice of graft type to best suit each individual patient and their requirements.

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“…[2][3][4] Anterior cruciate ligament injuries are devastating for athletes because of the long periods missed from sport participation 5 ; high medical costs 6 ; and increased risk of chronic degenerative conditions, such as osteoarthritis. 7 Therefore, clarifying biomechanical strategies to protect the ACL during sharp decelerating motions is necessary, particularly for female athletes, who have much higher rates of ACL injury than male athletes. 4,8 Proximal tibial anterior shear forces are thought to be the primary cause of ACL injury because they directly load the ACL, especially at shallow knee-flexion angles.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing Sagittal-Plane Landing Styles to Modulate Impact and Tibiofemoral Force Magnitude and Directions Relative to the Tibia

Shimokochi

Ambegaonkar

Meyer

2016

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context: Ground reaction force (GRF) and tibiofemoral force magnitudes and directions have been shown to affect anterior cruciate ligament loading during landing. However, the kinematic and kinetic factors modifying these 2 forces during landing are unknown.Objective: To clarify the intersegmental kinematic and kinetic links underlying the alteration of the GRF and tibiofemoral force vectors secondary to changes in the sagittal-plane body position during single-legged landing.Design: Crossover study. Setting: Laboratory.Patients or Other Participants: Twenty recreationally active participants (age ¼ 23.4 6 3.6 years, height ¼ 171.0 6 9.4 cm, mass ¼ 73.3 6 12.7 kg).Intervention(s): Participants performed single-legged landings using 3 landing styles: self-selected landing (SSL), body leaning forward and landing on the toes (LFL), and body upright with flat-footed landing (URL). Three-dimensional kinetics and kinematics were recorded.Main Outcome Measure(s): Sagittal-plane tibial inclination and knee-flexion angles, GRF magnitude and inclination angles relative to the tibia, and proximal tibial forces at peak tibial axial forces.Results: The URL resulted in less time to peak tibial axial forces, smaller knee-flexion angles, and greater magnitude and a more anteriorly inclined GRF vector relative to the tibia than did the SSL. These changes led to the greatest peak tibial axial and anterior shear forces in the URL among the 3 landing styles. Conversely, the LFL resulted in longer time to peak tibial axial forces, greater knee-flexion angles, and reduced magnitude and a more posteriorly inclined GRF vector relative to the tibia than the SSL. These changes in LFL resulted in the lowest peak tibial axial and largest posterior shear forces among the 3 landing styles.Conclusions: Sagittal-plane intersegmental kinematic and kinetic links strongly affected the magnitude and direction of GRF and tibiofemoral forces during the impact phase of singlelegged landing. Therefore, improving sagittal-plane landing mechanics is important in reducing harmful magnitudes and directions of impact forces on the anterior cruciate ligament.Key Words: anterior cruciate ligament, tibial posterior slope, lower extremity biomechanics, injury prevention, landing strategy Key PointsAt the impact phase of single-legged landing, sagittal-plane kinetics and kinematics of body segments were strongly related, affecting both the magnitude and direction of the ground reaction force (GRF) and tibiofemoral forces relative to the tibia and anterior cruciate ligament injury risk. A longer time to peak GRF in single-legged landing on the toes with the body leaning forward allowed greater knee flexion, anterior tibial inclination, and shock attenuation, leading to a reduced magnitude of GRF that was more posteriorly inclined relative to the tibia and smaller tibial axial forces and posteriorly directed tibial shear forces. A shorter time to peak GRF during flat-footed landing with the body upright led to less knee flexion, anterior tibial inclination, and s...

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Long-term follow-up of ACL reconstruction with hamstring autograft

Abstract: Reconstructed knees have a greater incidence and severity of OA than non-reconstructed knees, which suggests degenerative changes are secondary to ACL rupture. Medial meniscus surgery is a strong predictor of OA. Despite this, 75% of patients reported good outcomes.

Cited by 77 publications

References 39 publications

Which determinants predict tibiofemoral and patellofemoral osteoarthritis after anterior cruciate ligament injury? A systematic review

Which determinants predict tibiofemoral and patellofemoral osteoarthritis after anterior cruciate ligament injury? A systematic review

Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction best practice: A review of graft choice

Changing Sagittal-Plane Landing Styles to Modulate Impact and Tibiofemoral Force Magnitude and Directions Relative to the Tibia

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