Long-term fertilization increases soil organic carbon and alters its chemical composition in three wheat-maize cropping sites across central and south China

He, Yong; He, Xinhua; Xu, Minggang; Zhang, W.J.; Yang, Xueyun; Huang, Shaomin

doi:10.1016/j.still.2017.11.018

Cited by 90 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Differences in the proportions of C functional groups between unfertilized and fertilized soils may be strongly related to the amount of C inputs 46 . However, our results suggest that the quality of C input might directly influence the C functional group proportions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of 34-year continuous fertilization on the SOC physical fractions and its chemical composition in a Vertisol

Guo

Zhang

Zhou

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Reports regarding the effects of long-term organic and inorganic fertilization on the quantity and quality of soil organic carbon (SOC), particularly in Vertisols, are scarce. In this study, we combined SOC physical fractionation with 13 C NMR spectroscopy technology to investigate the effect of 34 years of continuous fertilization on the SOC physical fractions and its chemical composition of 0–20 cm soil layer in a Vertisol. This study consisted of six treatments: no fertilization (control), chemical nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers (NPK), low and high amounts of straw with chemical fertilizers (NPKLS and NPKHS), and pig or cattle manure with chemical fertilizers (NPKPM and NPKCM). Over 34 years of continuous fertilization, the SOC sequestration rate was from 0.08 Mg C ha −1 yr −1 in the control treatment to 0.66 Mg C ha −1 yr −1 in the NPKCM treatment, which was linearly related with the C input ( P < 0.01). Of the five SOC physical fractions, two silt plus clay fractions (S + C_M, S + C_mM) dominated 74–92% of SOC, while three POM fractions (cPOM fPOM and iPOM) were only 8–26%. The two manure application treatments significantly increased all the SOC physical fractions except for the silt plus clay fraction within macroaggregates (S + C_M) compared with NPK treatment ( P < 0.05), which was dependent on the larger amount of C input. Also, the two manure application treatments increased the levels of alkyl C and aromatic C but decreased O-alkyl C ( P < 0.05), whereas the straw application (NPKLS and NPKHS) had no impact on the C functional groups ( P > 0.05). Overall, the combination of animal manure with inorganic fertilization could enhance the SOC sequestration and alter its quantity and quality in Vertisols.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of 34-year continuous fertilization on the SOC physical fractions and its chemical composition in a Vertisol

Guo

Zhang

Zhou

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…As soil upholds all the minerals that are required for crop growth, soil management is one of the most crucial measures for climate change adaptation (Bhattacharyya et al 2015;Bedano et al 2016;Chen et al 2017;Cui et al 2017;He et al 2018). Increasing climatic variability and extreme climate events such as heavy rainfall and strong winds can accelerate the process of soil erosion.…”

Section: Soil Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change and agriculture in South Asia: adaptation options in smallholder production systems

Aryal

Sapkota

Khurana³

et al. 2019

Environ Dev Sustain

413

156

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Agriculture in South Asia is vulnerable to climate change. Therefore, adaptation measures are required to sustain agricultural productivity, to reduce vulnerability, and to enhance the resilience of the agricultural system to climate change. There are many adaptation practices in the production systems that have been proposed and tested for minimizing the effects of climate change. Some socioeconomic and political setup contributes to adaptation, while others may inhibit it. This paper presents a systematic review of the impacts of climate change on crop production and also the major options in the agricultural sector that are available for adaptation to climate change. One of the key conclusions is that agricultural practices that help climate change adaptation in agriculture are available, while the institutional setup to implement and disseminate those technical solutions is yet to be strengthened. Thus, it is important to examine how to bring the required institutional change, generate fund to invest on these changes, and design dynamic policies for long-term climate change adaptation in agriculture rather than a mere focus on agricultural technology. This is one of the areas where South Asian climate policies require reconsidering to avoid possible maladaptation in the long run.

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“…Zhou et al [14] showed that crop residue return decreases ground temperature and delays crop growth, which reduces yields. Thus, although there has been extensive research on the effects of crop residue return, the results are inconsistent or contradictory because of differences in soil conditions, planting systems, and climatic conditions [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A meta-analysis of the effects of crop residue return on crop yields and water use efficiency

Lü

2020

PLoS ONE

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After harvesting agricultural crops, the residue can be returned to the soil as mulch. This study performed a meta-analysis of previous research to investigate the effects of crop residue return and other factors on crop yields and water use efficiency (WUE). Overall, the results show that crop residue return increases crop yields by 5.0% relative to crops grown without it. The greatest increases in yield for crops grown with returned residue were associated with average annual temperatures < 10˚C (yield increase = 7.6%), rainfall � 800 mm (9.5%), plowing depth � 20 cm (6.5%), corn crops (8.0%), growth of a single crop per year (10.1%), no irrigation (11.9%), nitrogen (N), and potassium (K) fertilization (20.0%), and low nitrogen application rates of 0-100 kg N ha-1 (10.8%). The effects of crop residue return on crop yields were found to vary according to the following soil properties: organic matter content � 15 g kg-1 (yield increase = 9.4%), available nitrogen content � 100 mg kg-1 (10.3%), and pH � 6.5 (11.2%). The greatest magnitudes of increase in WUE associated with crop residue return were associated with corn (yield increase = 13.7%), medium nitrogen content (100-150 kg ha-1 ; 23.3%), high soil organic matter (� 15 g kg-1 ; 25.5%) and low air temperatures (< 10˚C; 19.9%). In addition, our results suggest that crop residue return might be most effective in increasing crop yields and WUE in corn crops, crops with a tillage depth � 20 cm, crops grown with moderate nitrogen fertilization (0-150 kg ha-1), growth of a single crop per year, high soil organic matter content (� 15 g kg-1), and cold conditions (< 10˚C). Overall, the results of this meta-analysis suggest that crop residue return can increase crop yields and WUE, with the relationship being mainly affected by climatic conditions, plowing depth, fertilization management, crop types, and soil properties.

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Long-term fertilization increases soil organic carbon and alters its chemical composition in three wheat-maize cropping sites across central and south China

Cited by 90 publications

References 53 publications

The effect of 34-year continuous fertilization on the SOC physical fractions and its chemical composition in a Vertisol

The effect of 34-year continuous fertilization on the SOC physical fractions and its chemical composition in a Vertisol

Climate change and agriculture in South Asia: adaptation options in smallholder production systems

A meta-analysis of the effects of crop residue return on crop yields and water use efficiency

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