Long-term exposure to high particulate matter pollution and cardiovascular mortality: A 12-year cohort study in four cities in northern China

Zhang, Liwen; Chen, Xi; Xue, Xiaodan; Sun, Min; Han, Bin; Li, Changping; Ma, Jing; Yu, Hao; Sun, Zheng; Zhao, Lijun; Zhao, Bin; Liu, Yamin; Chen, Jie; Wang, Peter; Zhang, Bai; Tang, Naijun

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2013.09.012

Cited by 144 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…This is due to the higher exposure to ambient air pollution in the study region, as compared to other megacities and regions around the globe. Similar results were reported by Zhang et al (2014) for Chinese cities, where exposure to high PM 2.5 concentrations resulted in 1.24 RR for every 10 μg/m 3 increase in case of cardiovascular mortality. It is important to note that very few studies have quantified health risk (RR) associated with NO 2 exposure.…”

Section: Primary Rr Function For the Delhi Regionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Impact of air pollutants from surface transport sources on human health: A modeling and epidemiological approach

Aggarwal

Jain

2015

Environment International

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Section: Primary Rr Function For the Delhi Regionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Impact of air pollutants from surface transport sources on human health: A modeling and epidemiological approach

Aggarwal

Jain

2015

Environment International

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“…The 5 studies conducted in Asia were remarkable in various ways. The reported average PM concentrations in Chinese cities 32,36,37 were 3-to 10-fold higher than those found in European and North American cities ( Figure 2). In addition, the authors found strong associations between stroke and long-term PM exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 3 studies conducted in China 32,36,37 reported high ambient PM concentrations (3 to 6× the respective World Health Organization air quality guideline values for long-term exposure to PM 2.5 or PM 10 38 ). A meta-analysis of these study results revealed a highly significant association between stroke onset and PM exposure (HR, 1.123 [1.010-1.248]).…”

Section: Sensitivity Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We included 20 publications on stroke and long-term PM exposure in our meta-analysis. [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] They are listed by region and then chronologically in Table 1. Fourteen studies were cohort studies and included covariates at an individual level; the other 6 made use of registered-based entries of stroke mortality or hospital admission and provided covariates on an ecological scale.…”

Section: Selection and Characteristics Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-Term Exposure to Particulate Matter Air Pollution Is a Risk Factor for Stroke

Scheers

Jacobs

Casas

et al. 2015

Stroke

153

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Background and Purpose— Epidemiological studies suggest an association between stroke incidence and stroke mortality and long-term exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution. However, the magnitude of the association is still unclear. Methods— We searched the Pubmed citation database for epidemiological studies and reviews on stroke and PM exposure. Then, we carried out a meta-analysis to quantify the pooled association between stroke incidence and mortality and long-term exposure to PM. Meta-analyses were performed for stroke events and stroke mortality and for PM 10 and PM 2.5 separately and jointly. Results— We identified 20 studies, including a total of >10 million people, on long-term PM exposure and stroke event or stroke mortality. For exposure to PM 10 (including estimated exposure to PM 10 from studies using PM 2.5 ), the pooled hazard ratio for each 10-μg/m 3 increment in PM 10 was 1.061 (95% confidence interval, 1.018–1.105) and 1.080 (0.992–1.177) for overall stroke events and stroke mortality, respectively. A stratified analysis by continent revealed that the association between stroke and long-term PM 10 exposure was positive in North America (1.062 [1.015–1.110]) and Europe (1.057 [0.973–1.148]), but studies in Asia (1.010 [0.885–1.153]) showed a high degree of heterogeneity. Considering exposure to PM 2.5 (Europe and North America combined), the hazard ratios for a 5-μg/m 3 increment were 1.064 (1.021–1.109) and 1.125 (1.007–1.256) for stroke events and mortality, respectively. Conclusions— The scientific evidence of the past decade identifies long-term exposure to PM, and PM 2.5 in particular, as a risk factor for stroke. However, we found some currently unexplained geographical variability in this association.

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“…This can be attributed, among others, to the differences in particle composition in the study areas. Most of the studies focused on long-term exposure have been conducted in North America (Pope et al, 2002) (Lepeule et al, 2012), an increasing number of such studies has been done in China (Zhang et al, 2014) (Zhou et al, 2014) a relatively low number of studies exists for Europe , and references therein. European studies on long-term exposure to PM reviewed by (Pelucchi et al, 2009), indicate a direct association with mortality, particularly from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases.…”

Section: Sensitivity Analysis For the Relative Risk Factormentioning

confidence: 98%

An optimization platform for Poland's power sector considering air pollution and health effects

Wyrwa

2015

Environmental Modelling & Software

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Long-term exposure to high particulate matter pollution and cardiovascular mortality: A 12-year cohort study in four cities in northern China

Cited by 144 publications

References 46 publications

Impact of air pollutants from surface transport sources on human health: A modeling and epidemiological approach

Impact of air pollutants from surface transport sources on human health: A modeling and epidemiological approach

Long-Term Exposure to Particulate Matter Air Pollution Is a Risk Factor for Stroke

An optimization platform for Poland's power sector considering air pollution and health effects

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