Long-Term Experiments Comparing the Impact on Soils and Field Crops of Potassium Chloride vs. Potassium Sulfate

Marchand, Michel; Hadi, H

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2002.573.5

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Leaching can also be provided intermittently, between growing seasons, and by seasonal rainfall, when soil salinity in the root zone is maintained below detrimental levels [77]. When compared to flood irrigation, drip irrigation might increase the risk of salinization of upper soil horizons but prevents salt leaching to groundwater [78]. However, Hanson et al [79] demonstrated that for a given amount of applied water, the wetting pattern around emitters results in a higher leaching fraction and lower salinity levels than in other irrigation systems.…”

Section: Irrigation Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonetheless, deficit irrigation does not provide the same degree of leaching as full irrigation, so it may enhance soil salinization when agricultural plots are irrigated with low-water quality [85,86]. Although deficit irrigation in combination with drip irrigation technologies could leach salts away from the root zone in a very efficient way [78], a potential risk for increasing the salinization of upper soil layers emerges during the periods when irrigation is diminished (or completely interrupted), because the leaching fraction could then be insufficient to displace the salts from the active root zone of the crops [87]. Nonetheless, increasing irrigation efficiency would help sustaining present crop production levels, while reducing leaching demands [55].…”

Section: Irrigation Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Soil-Improving Cropping Systems for Soil Salinization

et al. 2019

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A major challenge of the Sustainable Development Goals linked to Agriculture, Food Security, and Nutrition, under the current global crop production paradigm, is that increasing crop yields often have negative environmental impacts. It is therefore urgent to develop and adopt optimal soil-improving cropping systems (SICS) that can allow us to decouple these system parameters. Soil salinization is a major environmental hazard that limits agricultural potential and is closely linked to agricultural mismanagement and water resources overexploitation, especially in arid climates. Here we review literature seeking to ameliorate the negative effect of soil salinization on crop productivity and conduct a global meta-analysis of 128 paired soil quality and yield observations from 30 studies. In this regard, we compared the effectivity of different SICS that aim to cope with soil salinization across 11 countries, in order to reveal those that are the most promising. The analysis shows that besides case-specific optimization of irrigation and drainage management, combinations of soil amendments, conditioners, and residue management can contribute to significant reductions of soil salinity while significantly increasing crop yields. These results highlight that conservation agriculture can also achieve the higher yields required for upscaling and sustaining crop production.

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Section: Irrigation Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Irrigation Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Soil-Improving Cropping Systems for Soil Salinization

et al. 2019

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“…Tomato growers obtain granular fertilizer from commercial suppliers that blend formulas according to soil analysis recommendations and use SOP (0N-0P-42K-17S), MOP (potassium chloride, 0N-0P-50K), and potassium nitrate (13N-0P-37K) as the most common K sources. However, MOP has a very elevated salt index (salt index = 116), mainly because of its high chloride content, in comparison with that for SOP (salt index = 46), which could lead to leaf burning (Grattan and Maas, 1988;Marchand and Abd El Hadi, 2002;Maynard and Hochmuth, 2007). Furthermore, when chlorine soil levels are high enough to be toxic, K absorption decreases because of disordered cell metabolism (Chen et al, 2010).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Preplant Potassium Sources and Rates for Tomato Production

Santos

2013

hortte

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A two-season study was conducted to assess the effects of preplant potassium (K) fertilization rates and sources on the growth and yield of beefsteak tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Fourteen treatments resulted from the combination of two K sources: sulfate of potash [SOP (0N–0P–42K)] and muriate of potash [MOP (potassium chloride, 0N–0P–50K)] and seven preplant K rates (0, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 lb/acre). Soil electrical conductivity (EC) at 4 weeks after transplanting was influenced by the interaction between preplant K rates and sources. When SOP was applied, soil EC increased from 0.4 dS·m−1 with no preplant K application to ≈1.3 dS·m−1 with a rate of 500 lb/acre of preplant K. However, the soil EC steadily increased from 0.4 to 3.0 dS·m−1 as preplant K rates increased from 0 to 500 lb/acre when MOP was used as the nutrient source. The combined effect of the preplant application of K rates and sources influenced the seasonal extra-large and total marketable fruit weight, which increased steadily with K rates, regardless of the sources, from 0 to 300 lb/acre. At K rates between 300 and 500 lb/acre, there were no extra-large and total fruit weight differences among rates when SOP was applied. In contrast, extra-large and total marketable fruit weight declined when rates increased from 300 to 500 lb/acre of K and MOP was applied to the soil. Data demonstrated that plots treated with MOP at rates higher than 300 lb/acre of K increased soil EC and caused a decline on extra-large and total marketable fruit weight of tomato.

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