Long-term Exercise and Atherogenic Activity of Blood Mononuclear Cells in Persons at Risk of Developing Ischemic Heart Disease

Smith, John K.

doi:10.1001/jama.281.18.1722

Cited by 378 publications

(199 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…However several studies have shown that exercise training does not affect cytokine production from adipose tissue , although it may alter cytokine production from mononuclear cells, another important source of elevated cytokine levels (Smith et al 1999). It has been hypothesised that the release of myokines (cytokines released from muscle, such as IL-6) from exercising muscle may, when performed regularly, cause adaptations to the immune system resulting in lower levels of cytokines being released from mononuclear cells (You & Nicklas 2008), which in turn would reduce the production of CRP from the liver.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Walking and inflammatory markers in individuals screened for type 2 diabetes

Yates

Davies

Brady

et al. 2008

Preventive Medicine

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word Count = 164Main text word count = 2184 Number of Tables = 1 Number Method: Physical activity, adipocytokine, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and fasting insulin measurements were available for 400 individuals screened for type 2 diabetes. Of the 400 participants, 56% were diagnosed with normal glucose control, 36% with prediabetes and 8% with diabetes.Results: Multivariate statistical analysis showed that those who reported walking for at least 30 minutes on at least five days per week had lower levels of C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α compared to those who reported lower walking activity levels, after adjustment for other modes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, age, ethnicity, sex, social deprivation and smoking staus. Further adjustment for waist circumference attenuated the association of walking with tumor necrosis factor-α. Conclusion:Walking activity, independent of other forms of physical activity, is associated with lower levels of circulating pro-inflammatory markers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Walking and inflammatory markers in individuals screened for type 2 diabetes

Yates

Davies

Brady

et al. 2008

Preventive Medicine

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“…3-7 . 4) h per week (48) . Another study has reported a decrease of basal plasma IL-6 after aerobic training in patients with coronary artery disease (49) .…”

Section: Elderly People and Disease Statesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity, exercise and low-grade systemic inflammation

et al. 2010

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Prospective studies have shown that chronic low-grade inflammation may contribute to the pathogenesis of the most common chronic diseases and in particular CVD. Obesity has repeatedly been associated with moderately raised levels of inflammation, and this observation has led to the view that obesity is characterised by a state of chronic low-grade inflammation. There is now great interest in elucidating how physical activity and exercise modulate inflammation. This review summarises the current research addressing the influence of physical activity and exercise in mitigating the risks of obesity and diseases such as type-II diabetes and CVD, through its action on the low-grade inflammatory state. Most research on this topic hypothesised that the association between physical activity and inflammatory markers is independent of fatness, but very few studies have proven this. Given that physical activity and obesity are often inversely related, it is not clear as to whether the anti-inflammatory health benefits of a physically active lifestyle are due to exercise per se or result from favourable changes in the body composition.

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“…This program is an appropriate and reasonable method for weight reduction in a clinical situation and sustains muscle mass and physical ability. Concerning exercise training, Smith et al 30 reported that a long-term (6 months) exercise tended to reduce CRP levels in 34 persons at risk of developing ischemic heart disease, but this reduction did not reach statistical significance (Pϭ0.12). Although there were differences in the subject's characteristics, the training program, and the length of the training period, it seemed that the small number of subjects in their study might be a major reason for different statistical results between their study and ours.…”

Section: Okita Et Al Exercise Training and Crpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Exercise Training With Weight Loss Lower Serum C-Reactive Protein Levels?

Okita

Nishijima

Murakami

et al. 2004

ATVB

145

117

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Objective-C-reactive protein (CRP), an obesity-related inflammatory marker, is a promising predictor for cardiovascular disease and may be a mediator for atherogenesis. It has been reported that diet-induced weight loss lowered CRP levels. However, the effect of exercise training, another therapy that can reduce weight, on CRP is still unclear. We examined effects of exercise training with weight loss on CRP levels and conventional cardiovascular risks. Methods and Results-A total of 227 apparently healthy women were recruited, and 199 subjects (average age 52 years) completed a 2-month weight reduction program consisting of supervised aerobic exercises. After the program, weight was reduced from 65.8 to 62.8 kg (PϽ0.0001), and all conventional variables were remarkably improved. Similarly, CRP levels were significantly decreased, from 0.63 (0.28 to 1.19) to 0.41 (0.18 to 0.80) mg/L (PϽ0.0001). However, in contrast to other variables, the changes in CRP levels were not proportionally associated with the extent of weight reduction. In the quartile analysis of % weight reduction, the largest weight reduction quartile did not show significant decreases in CRP levels, whereas moderate quartile showed remarkable CRP decreases. Conclusions-Exercise

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Long-term Exercise and Atherogenic Activity of Blood Mononuclear Cells in Persons at Risk of Developing Ischemic Heart Disease

Abstract: Our data suggest that long-term exercise decreases the atherogenic activity of blood mononuclear cells in persons at risk of developing ischemic heart disease. This may be a mechanism whereby physical activity protects against ischemic heart disease.

Cited by 378 publications

References 52 publications

Walking and inflammatory markers in individuals screened for type 2 diabetes

Walking and inflammatory markers in individuals screened for type 2 diabetes

Physical activity, exercise and low-grade systemic inflammation

Can Exercise Training With Weight Loss Lower Serum C-Reactive Protein Levels?

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