Long term evolution in high speed railway environments: Feasibility and challenges

Calle-Sánchez, Jaime; Molina-García, Mariano; Alonso, J.I.; Fernandez-Duran, A.

doi:10.1002/bltj.21615

Cited by 89 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In the railway context, the primary challenge is sufficient radio coverage, which must be guaranteed despite difficult conditions-long distances requiring continuous coverage, high-speed UE mobility, and underground tunnels. These issues were discussed in the previous publications [5], [9], and [29], and, therefore, they were out of scope of this work. Another cause of communication problems may be external factors that cannot be controlled by the mobile network or its configuration-for instance, strong and long-lasting electromagnetic interference, software failure or hardware failure.…”

Section: Consequences For Etcs Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Ensuring Long-Term Data Integrity: ETCS Data Integrity Requirements Can Be Fulfilled Even under Unfavorable Conditions with the Proper LTE Mechanisms

Sniady¹,

Soler

Kassab

et al. 2016

IEEE Veh. Technol. Mag.

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Section: Consequences For Etcs Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notably, publications by Liem and Mendiratta [14], Calle-Sanchez et al [5], and Zayas et al [15] considered LTE as a solution for providing voice communication in ERTMS-based railways. Then, in publications by Sniady and Soler [4] and Sniady et al [16], LTE was considered as a network for ETCS communication.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ensuring Long-Term Data Integrity: ETCS Data Integrity Requirements Can Be Fulfilled Even under Unfavorable Conditions with the Proper LTE Mechanisms

Sniady¹,

Soler

Kassab

et al. 2016

IEEE Veh. Technol. Mag.

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“…As a result, a novel unified railway wireless network is urgently needed to meet the communication demands of both train control systems and onboard passengers. To this end, industrial participants have reached the consensus that the current narrowband GSM-R (Global System for Mobile Communication for Railway) will evolve to long term evolution (LTE) for railway communication systems in the near future [2], [3]. In addition, a C/U-plane decoupled railway wireless network was proposed [4], [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Low-Latency Collaborative HARQ Scheme for Control/User-Plane Decoupled Railway Wireless Networks

Fang

Min

et al. 2016

IEEE Trans. Intell. Transport. Syst.

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Abstract-The recently proposed Control/User (C/U) plane decoupled railway wireless network is a promising new network architecture to meet the communication demands of both train control systems and onboard passengers by completely separating the C-plane and U-plane into different network nodes operating at different frequency bands. Although the system capacity of this network architecture can be highly increased, the forwarding latency of X3 interfaces to link the C-plane and U-plane becomes a serious concern, especially for hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) protocols which demand frequent interactions between the C-plane and U-plane. This concern becomes more pronounced for latency sensitive train control. To address this challenging problem, in this paper we propose a low-latency collaborative HARQ scheme. Through a newly designed collaborative transmission framework, the possible spare resources on lower frequency bands of macro cells by excluding those used by C-plane transmissions are utilized to help small cells relay erroneously received data. Compared to the conventional HARQ scheme, to reach the same transmission reliability, the proposed scheme requires fewer retransmissions on average, thereby mitigating the latency problem caused by HARQ retransmissions. Correspondingly, the channel mapping is also redesigned to conform to the proposed collaborative transmission framework. In the theoretical analysis, the expression of the average retransmission times related to the sum of independent Gamma variables is developed. Finally, simulation results show that a great decrease in the retransmission latency is gained by the proposed scheme, but at the sacrifice of few average system transmission rate.

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“…Moreover, it must be proven that LTE is able to fulfill safety requirements set by the railway industry. Hence, a growing number of research works investigate LTE as a likely future communication technology for railways and other vehicles [7], [8], [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capacity gain with an alternative LTE railway communication network

Sniady

Soler

2014

2014 7th International Workshop on Communication Technologies for Vehicles (Nets4Cars-Fall)

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Abstract-GSM-Railways (GSM-R) is the first international communication network designed specifically for railways. Most of the deployed GSM-R networks were initially used only to provide the railway voice communication. However, as more of these GSM-R networks begin to support the European Train Control System (ETCS) signaling, the capacity of GSM-R turns out to be insufficient. GSM-R cannot fulfill the railway requirements, in terms of the number of simultaneous ETCS connections. This is why, alternative, more efficient communication technologies should be considered by railways, such as 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE). This paper describes how to adapt the reversible multi-chain/channel queuing system to model an LTE cell serving ETCS-equipped trains. It is proposed to use the multiple user chains available in the model to represent varying bitrate in LTE radio access network. Using this model, LTE and GSM-R are compared in terms of capacity on an example at Copenhagen Main Train Station. The purpose of this work is to demonstrate the benefits that railway operators and infrastructure managers can expect from the introduction of LTE, as a telecommunication technology for railway control signaling and additional applications.

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Long term evolution in high speed railway environments: Feasibility and challenges

Cited by 89 publications

References 10 publications

Ensuring Long-Term Data Integrity: ETCS Data Integrity Requirements Can Be Fulfilled Even under Unfavorable Conditions with the Proper LTE Mechanisms

Ensuring Long-Term Data Integrity: ETCS Data Integrity Requirements Can Be Fulfilled Even under Unfavorable Conditions with the Proper LTE Mechanisms

A Low-Latency Collaborative HARQ Scheme for Control/User-Plane Decoupled Railway Wireless Networks

Capacity gain with an alternative LTE railway communication network

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