Long-term eruption rates and dimensions of magma reservoirs beneath quaternary polygenetic volcanoes in Japan

Tsukui, Masashi; Sakuyama, M.; Koyaguchi, Takehiro; Ozawa, Kazuhito

doi:10.1016/0377-0273(86)90044-2

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…This geometry could make partial melt below the PHS slab ascend along the lower surface of the PHS slab toward the south (Figure 3c), resulting in the accumulation of a large amount of melt beneath Mount Fuji. This may be the cause of the high long-term eruption rate of Mount Fuji (Tsukui et al, 1986).…”

Section: Comparison Of the Attenuation Structures Beneath Mount Fuji mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Three‐Dimensional Seismic Attenuation Structure of Central Japan and Deep Sources of Arc Magmatism

Kashiwagi

Nakajima

2019

Geophysical Research Letters

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We estimate the 3-D P wave attenuation (Q p −1 ) structure of central Japan to investigate arc magmatism. We first determine the corner frequencies of the earthquakes and then conduct a joint inversion to determine attenuation terms. The 3-D Q p −1 structure is finally obtained via a tomographic inversion. High-attenuation areas are located in the uppermost mantle along the volcanic front, which are interpreted as zones of partial melting at 30-to 100-km depth due to the supply of slab-derived fluids. The subducted Philippine Sea plate acts as a barrier to the upward migration of melt, resulting in the volcanic gap. The distribution of volcanoes is controlled primarily by the geometry of the subducted Philippine Sea plate. The attenuation structures beneath Mount Fuji and Mount Hakone show contrasting melt transport pathways, which are separated at ≤50-km depth, suggesting that the independent melt supply system results in the distinct activities of these volcanoes.Plain Language Summary It is important to investigate the magmatic system beneath active volcanoes, especially for disaster prevention. However, the details of deeper magmatic systems are poorly understood in central Japan. We estimate the three-dimensional seismic attenuation structure of central Japan to reveal the magmatic system beneath active volcanoes. Our findings suggest that the distribution of volcanoes is controlled primarily by the geometry of the subducted Philippine Sea plate and that the differences in volcanic activity at Mount Fuji and Mount Hakone reflect their respective melt transport pathways.

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Section: Comparison Of the Attenuation Structures Beneath Mount Fuji mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the long-term eruption rate of Mount Fuji is an order of magnitude higher than that of Mount Hakone (Tsukui et al, 1986). For example, the long-term eruption rate of Mount Fuji is an order of magnitude higher than that of Mount Hakone (Tsukui et al, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Three‐Dimensional Seismic Attenuation Structure of Central Japan and Deep Sources of Arc Magmatism

Kashiwagi

Nakajima

2019

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…Tsukui et al . [] estimated that the average eruption rate of Mount Fuji is about 5 km 3 /ka, while typical subduction‐related volcanoes in Japan are about 0.01–0.1 km 3 /ka. Second, Mount Fuji has ejected basaltic products during the last 100,000 years, while a typical eruption product from an island‐arc volcano is andesitic [ Fujii , ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging crust and upper mantle beneath Mount Fuji, Japan, by receiver functions

et al. 2015

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Mount Fuji has ejected a huge amount of basaltic products during the last 100,000 years. Even though the region around Mount Fuji is tectonically active, the seismicity below Mount Fuji is low, resulting in little knowledge about the seismic structure there. To gain more insight into the magma-plumbing system, we obtain the seismic structure beneath Mount Fuji by the receiver function (RF) technique. RFs at seismic stations around Mount Fuji show positive phases at~3 and~6 s, representing the conversion of P to S waves at a positive velocity boundary in the Philippine Sea plate. Cross sections of RF amplitudes reveal two distinct velocity boundaries around Mount Fuji, at depths of 40-50 km and 20-30 km, which we interpret to be the boundary between the crust-mantle transition layer and the uppermost mantle of the Izu-Bonin arc and the velocity discontinuity just below the region where low-frequency earthquakes (LFEs) of Mount Fuji have occurred, respectively. The velocity boundary at about 50 km depth shows a clear gap just beneath Mount Fuji. We suggest that this gap represents a weaker velocity contrast zone through which the magma of Mount Fuji ascends from the Pacific plate. A thorough grid search reveals that a low-velocity zone at depths of 13-26 km explains all the characteristics of RFs around Mount Fuji, leading us to interpret the high-velocity boundary just below the LFE region as the lower boundary of Mount Fuji's magma chamber.

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“…1a). It is one of the largest stratovolcanoes in the Japan arc with high, long‐term eruption rates (5 km 3 /ka), as compared with typical subduction‐related volcanoes (0.1–0.01 km 3 /ka; Tsukui et al . 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Mount Fuji, Japan: Inference from drilling into the subaerial oldest volcano, pre‐Komitake

et al. 2010

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A buried, old volcanic body (pre-Komitake Volcano) was discovered during drilling into the northeastern flank of Mount Fuji. The pre-Komitake Volcano is characterized by hornblende-bearing andesite and dacite, in contrast to the porphyritic basaltic rocks of Komitake Volcano and to the olivine-bearing basaltic rocks of Fuji Volcano. K-Ar age determinations and geological analysis of drilling cores suggest that the pre-Komitake Volcano began with effusion of basaltic lava flows around 260 ka and ended with explosive eruptions of basaltic andesite and dacite magma around 160 ka. After deposition of a thin soil layer on the pre-Komitake volcanic rocks, successive effusions of lava flows occurred at Komitake Volcano until 100 ka. Explosive eruptions of Fuji Volcano followed shortly after the activity of Komitake. The long-term eruption rate of about 3 km 3 /ka or more for Fuji Volcano is much higher than that estimated for pre-Komitake and Komitake. The chemical variation within Fuji Volcano, represented by an increase in incompatible elements at nearly constant SiO 2 , differs from that within pre-Komitake and other volcanoes in the northern Izu-Bonin arc, where incompatible elements increase with increasing SiO 2 . These changes in the volcanism in Mount Fuji may have occurred due to a change in regional tectonics around 150 ka, although this remains unproven.

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Long-term eruption rates and dimensions of magma reservoirs beneath quaternary polygenetic volcanoes in Japan

Cited by 18 publications

References 37 publications

Three‐Dimensional Seismic Attenuation Structure of Central Japan and Deep Sources of Arc Magmatism

Three‐Dimensional Seismic Attenuation Structure of Central Japan and Deep Sources of Arc Magmatism

Imaging crust and upper mantle beneath Mount Fuji, Japan, by receiver functions

Evolution of Mount Fuji, Japan: Inference from drilling into the subaerial oldest volcano, pre‐Komitake

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