Long term effects of recreational <scp>SCUBA</scp> diving on higher cognitive function

Hemelryck, Walter; Germonpré, Peter; Papadopoulou, Virginie; Rozložník, Miroslav; Balestra, Costantino

doi:10.1111/sms.12100

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Also, salivary cortisol level (the main stress system hormone secreted in the body) was increased after diving (P < 0.05). It has been shown that scuba can lead to reduced processing speed (22). On the contrary, running increased cognitive function in the male athletes (23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The analysis of the data showed that the mental fatigue increased and sustained attention decreased after dividing. Previous studies have shown that diving reduces sustained attention (22). The “autonomous phase” may be responsible for these slight changes; according to Fitts and Posner’s theory (1967) (32), the autonomous phase takes over at higher levels of learning.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of 20 Minutes Scuba Diving on Cognitive Function of Professional Scuba Divers

et al. 2016

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BackgroundPhysical activity increases the performance of the nervous system by stimulating the body’s metabolism and improving the efficiency of the ATP production system.ObjectivesIn the present study, the effect of twenty minutes scuba diving in high depth (10m) on cognitive function and stress system activity was investigated.MethodsTwelve professional scuba divers with a mean age of 23 ± 1 year, weight of 80 ± 2.5 kg and height of 1.79 ± 3.5 cm resident in the city of Mashhad participated in the test. Their cognitive functions were measured 60 min before and 20 min after diving and the data were evaluated using the PASAT software. In the present study, parameters such as general mental health, sustained attention, average response speed, and mental fatigue were measured. Moreover, in order to determine the activity of the stress system, their salivary cortisol was collected before and after diving.ResultsResults revealed that, the general mental health of these scuba divers was normal and it did not undergo a remarkable change after diving. Their average response speed and sustained attention had a significant decrease after scuba diving. Mental fatigue after diving increased. Also, salivary cortisol level significantly increased after diving.ConclusionsAccording to our data, it seems that scuba diving as stress stimulant increases cortisol level and therefore reduces cognitive performance after diving.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of 20 Minutes Scuba Diving on Cognitive Function of Professional Scuba Divers

et al. 2016

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“…The acute and chronic consequences of arterialized emboli are still under investigation. While studies of long‐term cognitive function show no impairment from injury‐free SCUBA diving, other studies showing brain lesions in sport divers warrant further investigation into the subject . It seems clear that divers with a right‐to‐left shunt, whether PFO or IPAVA, are at a higher risk than those without …”

Section: Crossover and Pfomentioning

confidence: 92%

Intrapulmonary Shunt and SCUBA Diving: Another Risk Factor?

2015

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Laboratory and field investigations have demonstrated that intrapulmonary arteriovenous anastomoses (IPAVA) may provide an additional means for venous gas emboli (VGE) to cross over to the arterial circulation due to their larger diameter compared to pulmonary microcirculation. Once thought to be the primary cause of decompression sickness (DCS), it has been demonstrated that, even in large quantities, their presence does not always result in injury. Normally, VGE are trapped in the site of gas exchange in the lungs and eliminated via diffusion. When VGE crossover takes place in arterial circulation, they have the potential to cause more harm as they are redistributed to the brain, spinal column, and other sensitive tissues. The patent foramen ovale (PFO) was once thought to be the only risk factor for an increase in arterialization; however, IPAVAs represent another pathway for this crossover to occur. The opening of IPAVAs is associated with exercise and hypoxic gas mixtures, both of which divers may encounter. The goal of this review is to describe how IPAVAs may impact diving physiology, specifically during decompression, and what this means for the individual diver as well as the future of commercial and recreational diving. Future research must continue on the relationship between IPAVAs and the environmental and physiological circumstances that lead to their opening and closing, as well as how they may contribute to diving injuries such as DCS.

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“…Przegląd literatury psychologicznej na temat psychologicznych aspektów nurkowania, doprowadza do kilku wniosków. Po pierwsze problematyka ta rozproszona jest w różnych tematach psychologicznych: psychologii: poznawczej [1], osobowości [2], różnic indywidualnych [3,4], klinicznej [5], pracy [25] i sportu [6,7]. Rozważania psychologiczne mieszczą się również w granicach medycyny podwodnej [8], sportowej [9], psychiatrii [10] i psychoterapii [11].…”

Section: Wstępunclassified

“…A review of psychological literature on the psychological aspects of diving leads to several conclusions. First of all, this topic is dispersed across various psychological issues within psychology, these being: cognitive [1], personality [2], individual differences [3,4], clinical [5], work [25] and sports psychology [6,7]. Psychological considerations also fall within different topics of medicine, such as underwater medicine [8], sports medicine [9], psychiatry [10] and psychotherapy [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological Aspects of Diving in Selected Theoretical and Research Perspectives

Niewiedział

Kolańska

Dabrowiecki

et al. 2018

Polish Hyperbaric Research

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The aim of the article is to conduct a literature review in relation to the psychological aspects of diving. The acquired knowledge can currently be qualified as belonging to various branches of applied psychology, as well as underwater medicine, sports medicine, psychiatry and psychotherapy. The literature on this subject matter raises two main issues of the psychological perspective: the degree of psychological adaptation of an individual to the underwater environment, and the psychophysical condition of a man involved in a specific type of diving and the resulting skills/competences to perform underwater tasks. The article presents selected reports from around the world related to diving psychology resulting from the applied structure/classification of psychological theories, explaining various mechanisms of psychological functioning underwater. The paper presents studies from the perspective of psychodynamics, psychology of health/stress, psychology of individual differences and personality. The main conclusions indicate that in addition to the main problem of an optimal/lack of adaptation of humans to the underwater environment, there is insufficient psychological knowledge (including Polish reports) in the area of personality differences between various types of divers, their social functioning, mental health and psychoeducation with regard to underwater exposures.

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Long term effects of recreational SCUBA diving on higher cognitive function

Cited by 27 publications

References 35 publications

The Effect of 20 Minutes Scuba Diving on Cognitive Function of Professional Scuba Divers

The Effect of 20 Minutes Scuba Diving on Cognitive Function of Professional Scuba Divers

Intrapulmonary Shunt and SCUBA Diving: Another Risk Factor?

Psychological Aspects of Diving in Selected Theoretical and Research Perspectives

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