Long-term effects of radiation dose on inflammatory markers in atomic bomb survivors

Hayashi, Tomonori; Morishita, Yukari; Kubo, Yoshiko; Kusunoki, Yoichiro; Hayashi, Ikue; Kasagi, Fumiyoshi; Hakoda, Masayuki; Kyoizumi, Seishi; Nakachi, Kei

doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2004.06.045

Cited by 115 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The results obtained were in line with those of previous studies of Abomb survivors (3,18,28,29), which have shown the remarkable radiation-associated feature of a decrease in the naïve CD4 T-cell number, prompting the hypothesis of radiation-accelerated T-cell immunosenescence (4). In this study, the decrease in the naïve CD4 T-cell number was also associated with indicators for obesity and related diseases such as higher BMI and lower HDL cholesterol levels.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Levels of Antibodies to Microorganisms Implicated in Atherosclerosis and of C-Reactive Protein among Atomic Bomb Survivors

Hakoda

Kasagi²,

Kusunoki

et al. 2006

Radiation Research

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Levels of Antibodies to Microorganisms Implicated in Atherosclerosis and of C-Reactive Protein among Atomic Bomb Survivors

Hakoda

Kasagi²,

Kusunoki

et al. 2006

Radiation Research

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“…Inflammatory cytokines and growth factors like TGF-β and IGF-1 stimulate the production of prostaglandins, ROS and NO from macrophages, T cells, neutrophils, and non-immune cells. These immune responses lead to inflammation, redness, pain, and also to oxidation of DNA, lipids, and proteins, as well as an increased risk of carcinogenesis and non-cancerous diseases such as heart diseases (Hayashi et al 2005;Zhao and Robbins 2009). Also, the long-term upregulation of inflammatory cytokines and growth factors such as TGF-β, bFGF, and IGF-1 following exposure to a massive dose of radiation results in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling that leads to severe effects such as atrophy, vascular damages, and fibrosis that may affect the normal function of tissues (Bentzen 2006).…”

Section: Immunogenicity Of Ionizing Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The melatonin immunomodulatory actions in radiotherapy

et al. 2017

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Radiotherapy has a key role in cancer treatment in more than half of patients with cancer. The management of severe side effects of this treatment modality is a limiting factor to appropriate treatment. Immune system responses play a pivotal role in many of the early and late side effects of radiation. Moreover, immune cells have a significant role in tumor response to radiotherapy, such as angiogenesis and tumor growth. Melatonin as a potent antioxidant has shown appropriate immune regulatory properties that may ameliorate toxicity induced by radiation in various organs. These effects are mediated through various modulatory effects of melatonin in different levels of tissue reaction to ionizing radiation. The effects on the DNA repair system, antioxidant enzymes, immune cells, cytokines secretion, transcription factors, and protein kinases are most important. Moreover, anti-cancer properties of melatonin may increase the therapeutic ratio of radiotherapy. Clinical applications of this agent for the management of malignancies such as breast cancer have shown promising results. It seems anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenesis, and stimulation or suppression of some immune cell responses are the main anti-tumor effects of melatonin that may help to improve response of the tumor to radiotherapy. In this review, the effects of melatonin on the modulation of immune responses in both normal and tumor tissues will be discussed.

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“…It may be desirable to use a combination of inflammation-related markers such as plasma levels of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and IFN-γ, along with C-reactive protein (CRP), together with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), whose validity has been demonstrated in the cohort of atomic-bomb survivors. 20) Since all these biomarkers are closely related to aging, the effect of aging and environmental factors on inflammatory status can be investigated in relation to occurrence of aging-related diseases, such as cancer. Candidate biomarkers which have been or could be used in studies of immuno-epidemiology are listed in Table 2.…”

Section: Infection Inflammation and Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives on cancer immuno‐epidemiology

et al. 2004

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Estimating human cancer risk based on host-environment interaction is one task of epidemiology, and it has provided indispensable knowledge for prevention of cancer. The recent development of gene-engineered mice has also provided solid evidence about the relationship between cancer development and immunity. The aim of this review is to discuss the possible contribution of epidemiology to understanding the role of immunity in host defense against cancer, and also to assess the involvement of inflammation in the occurrence of selected cancers. Here we look at the concepts of cancer immunosurveillance and infectioninflammation-cancer, and include a brief introduction to recent studies in humans and experimental animal models. It has been postulated for many years that the immune system has the ability to recognize and eliminate nascent transformed cells in the body (so-called cancer immunosurveillance hypothesis), and this idea has recently obtained strong support from animal experiments. In humans, follow-up studies among immunosuppressed transplant recipients revealed a remarkably increased risk of not only selected malignancies, but also cancers with no known viral etiology. On the other hand, a prospective cohort study among the general population revealed that individuals with low natural cytotoxic activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes had an increased risk of cancer development. More studies are warranted to allow the construction of a model for the interaction between host immunity, aging, and the environment. The host immune system is also involved in inflammatory responses to pathogen infection: insufficient immune function of the host, or repeated infection, may result in persistent inflammation, where growth/ survival factors continuously act on initiated cells. The combined use of biomarkers will be necessary to define low-grade persistent inflammation in future cohort studies; and, in addition to these phenotype marker-based cohort studies, one plausible future direction will be a genomic approach that can be undertaken within cohort studies, looking at the genetic background underlying individual variations in phenotype markers. pidemiological studies investigate the association between cancer development and various environmental or/and host factors in human populations, providing models to estimate cancer risk as a quantitative function of these factors (e.g., exposure levels, physiological status) among individuals. We anticipate that epidemiological studies will work well under the following conditions: 1) the intensity of factors varies among individuals (being expected to produce substantial differences in cancer risk); 2) adequate measurements are available to evaluate the intensity or grade of factors (in the case of biomarkers); 3) a relevant basic biological concept or laboratory evidence-supported working hypothesis describing the relation between cancer and these factors is available; and 4) the association between cancer and these factors, if it exists, will contribute to cancer preve...

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Long-term effects of radiation dose on inflammatory markers in atomic bomb survivors

Cited by 115 publications

References 21 publications

Levels of Antibodies to Microorganisms Implicated in Atherosclerosis and of C-Reactive Protein among Atomic Bomb Survivors

Levels of Antibodies to Microorganisms Implicated in Atherosclerosis and of C-Reactive Protein among Atomic Bomb Survivors

The melatonin immunomodulatory actions in radiotherapy

Perspectives on cancer immuno‐epidemiology

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