Long-term effects of lead poisoning on bone mineralization in vultures exposed to ammunition sources

Gangoso, Laura; Álvarez‐Lloret, Pedro; Rodríguez-Navarro, Alejandro. A.B.; Mateo, Rafael; Hiraldo, Fernando; Donázar, José A.

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2008.09.015

Cited by 171 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Therefore, the combined effect of genetic depauperation and the deterministic factors related to human activity (i.e. adult unnatural mortality owing to persecution [26,66] and the arrival of new pathogens [24,31]) can have catastrophic consequences in the long-term maintenance of this endangered population by inevitably increasing its risk of extinction. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity at neutral and adaptive loci determines individual fitness in a long-lived territorial bird

et al. 2012

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There is compelling evidence about the manifest effects of inbreeding depression on individual fitness and populations' risk of extinction. The majority of studies addressing inbreeding depression on wild populations are generally based on indirect measures of inbreeding using neutral markers. However, the study of functional loci, such as genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), is highly recommended. MHC genes constitute an essential component of the immune system of individuals, which is directly related to individual fitness and survival. In this study, we analyse heterozygosity fitness correlations of neutral and adaptive genetic variation (22 microsatellite loci and two loci of the MHC class II, respectively) with the age of recruitment and breeding success of a decimated and geographically isolated population of a long-lived territorial vulture. Our results indicate a negative correlation between neutral genetic diversity and age of recruitment, suggesting that inbreeding may be delaying reproduction. We also found a positive correlation between functional (MHC) genetic diversity and breeding success, together with a specific positive effect of the most frequent pair of cosegregating MHC alleles in the population. Globally, our findings demonstrate that genetic depauperation in small populations has a negative impact on the individual fitness, thus increasing the populations' extinction risk.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity at neutral and adaptive loci determines individual fitness in a long-lived territorial bird

et al. 2012

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“…This effect was also observed in previous studies with mallard ducklings experimentally exposed to Pb with sediment contaminated with Pb acetate (828 mg/g Pb dry weight; Hoffman et al, 2000), adult mute swans exposed to Pb contaminated sediment (700 mg/g Pb dry weight; Day et al, 2003) and mallard ducks with Pb contaminated food (1840 mg/g Pb dry weight; Mateo et al, 2003b). Alkaline phosphatase is an indicator of osteoblastic activity (Campbell, 1986), and Pb exposure has been associated with altered bone mineralization in birds (Gangoso et al, 2009). In contrast, mallards with PbB 4 20 mg/dl in the current study showed a higher ALP activity than birds with background levels.…”

Section: Plasma Biochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of lead exposure on oxidative stress biomarkers and plasma biochemistry in waterbirds in the field

Martínez-Haro

Green

Mateo

2011

Environmental Research

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and in all common pochards (Aythya ferina) (n ¼ 4), but common coots (Fulica atra) (n ¼ 37) and moorhens (Gallinula chloropus) (n ¼ 12) were all o 20 mg/dl. ALAD ratio in mallards and coots decreased with PbB levels 4 6 mg/dl. In mallards, an inhibition of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and an increased level of oxidized glutathione (oxGSH) in red blood cells (RBC) were associated with PbB levels 4 20 mg/ dl. In coots, PbB levels were negatively related to vitamin A and carotenoid levels in plasma, and total glutathione in RBCs; and positively related with higher superoxide dismutase and GPx activities and % oxGSH in RBCs. Overall, the results indicate that previously assumed background levels of PbB for birds need to be revised.

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“…Identifying these associations may contribute to our understanding of why some populations are more or less successful under certain circumstances and conditions than others. This may be particularly important when dealing with endangered species, as it may allow prioritizing conservation efforts of target species in space or time (Green et al 2006, Amar et al 2008, Gangoso et al 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does timing of breeding matter less where the grass is greener? Seasonal declines in breeding performance differ between regions in an endangered endemic raptor

García-Heras¹,

Arroyo²,

Mougeot³

et al. 2016

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The timing of breeding can strongly influence individual breeding performance and fitness. Seasonal declines in breeding parameters have been often documented in birds, particularly in the Northern Hemisphere. Fewer studies have investigated whether seasonal declines in productivity vary in space, which would have implications for a species' population dynamics across its distributional range. We report here on variation in the timing of breeding in the Black Harrier (Circus maurus), an endangered and endemic raptor to Southern Africa. We investigated how key breeding parameters (clutch size, nesting success and productivity) varied with the timing of breeding, weather conditions (rainfall and temperature) and between contrasted regions (coastal vs. interior-mountain). Black Harrier onset of breeding extended over an 8-month period, with a peak of laying between mid-August and end of September. We show a marked seasonal decline in all breeding parameters. Importantly, for clutch size and productivity these seasonal declines differed regionally, being more pronounced in interior-mountain than in coastal regions, where the breeding season was overall shorter. Timing of breeding, clutch size and productivity were also partly explained by weather conditions. In coastal regions, where environmental conditions, in particular rainfall, appear to be less variable, the timing of breeding matters less for breeding output than in interiormountain regions, and breeding attempts thus occurred over a longer period. The former areas may act as RESEARCH ARTICLE Launched to accelerate biodiversity conservation A peer-reviewed open-access journalMarie-Sophie Garcia-Heras et al. / Nature Conservation 15: 23-45 (2016) 24 population sources and be key in protecting the long-term population viability of this threatened endemic raptor. This study provides unique evidence for a regionally variable seasonal decline in breeding performance with implications for population biology and conservation.

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Long-term effects of lead poisoning on bone mineralization in vultures exposed to ammunition sources

Cited by 171 publications

References 53 publications

Genetic diversity at neutral and adaptive loci determines individual fitness in a long-lived territorial bird

Genetic diversity at neutral and adaptive loci determines individual fitness in a long-lived territorial bird

Effects of lead exposure on oxidative stress biomarkers and plasma biochemistry in waterbirds in the field

Does timing of breeding matter less where the grass is greener? Seasonal declines in breeding performance differ between regions in an endangered endemic raptor

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