Long-term Effects of Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) on Soil Respiration

Bernhardt, Emily S.; Barber, Jarrett J.; Pippen, Jeffrey S.; Taneva, L.; Andrews, Jeffrey A.; Schlesinger, William H.

doi:10.1007/s10533-005-1062-0

Cited by 110 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Instead, at these sites rhizodeposition and leaf litter no doubt represent the primary sources of organic matter for respiration. These carbon sources support respiration rates for the PP and MU at levels similar to those reported for other vegetated systems with moderate-to-high organic carbon concentrations (Campbell and Law, 2005;Vogel et al, 2005;Bernhardt et al, 2006).…”

Section: Plant Communities and Co Uptake Gm King And Cf Webersupporting

confidence: 80%

Interactions between bacterial carbon monoxide and hydrogen consumption and plant development on recent volcanic deposits

King

Weber

2007

The ISME Journal

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Patterns of microbial colonization and interactions between microbial processes and vascular plants on volcanic deposits have received little attention. Previous reports have shown that atmospheric CO and hydrogen contribute significantly to microbial metabolism on Kilauea volcano (Hawaii) deposits with varied ages and successional development. Relationships between CO oxidation and plant communities were not clear, however, since deposit age and vegetation status covaried. To determine plant-microbe interactions in deposits of uniform ages, CO and hydrogen dynamics have been assayed for unvegetated tephra on a 1959 deposit at Pu'u Puai (PP-bare), at the edge of tree 'islands' within the PP deposit (PP-edge) and within PP tree islands (PP-canopy). Similar assays have been conducted for vegetated and unvegetated sites on a 1969 Mauna Ulu (MU) lava flow. Net in situ atmospheric CO uptake was highest at PP-edge and PP-bare sites (2.2 ± 0.5 and 1.3 ± 0.1 mg CO m À2 day À1 , respectively), and least for PP-canopy (À3.2 ± 0.9 mg CO m À2 day À1 , net emission). Respiration rates, microbial biomass and maximum CO uptake potential showed an opposing pattern. Comparisons of atmospheric CO uptake and CO 2 production rates indicate that CO contributes significantly to microbial metabolism in PP-bare and MU-unvegetated sites, but negligibly where vegetation is well developed. Nonetheless, maximum potential CO uptake rates indicate that CO oxidizer populations increase with increasing plant biomass and consume CO actively. Some of these CO oxidizers may contribute to elevated nitrogen fixation rates (acetylene reduction) measured within tree islands, and thus, support plant successional development.

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Section: Plant Communities and Co Uptake Gm King And Cf Webersupporting

confidence: 80%

Interactions between bacterial carbon monoxide and hydrogen consumption and plant development on recent volcanic deposits

King

Weber

2007

The ISME Journal

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“…Soil respiration consists of autotrophic root respiration and heterotrophic respiration which is associated with decomposition of litter, roots and soil organic matter (SOM) (Bernhardt et al, 2006). It is one of the largest fluxes in the global carbon cycle (68-75×10 15 g C yr −1 ) (Raich and Schlesinger, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of soil respiration to elevated carbon dioxide and nitrogen addition in young subtropical forest ecosystems in China

et al. 2010

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Abstract. Global climate change in the real world always exhibits simultaneous changes in multiple factors. Prediction of ecosystem responses to multi-factor global changes in a future world strongly relies on our understanding of their interactions. However, it is still unclear how nitrogen (N) deposition and elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration [CO 2 ] would interactively influence forest floor soil respiration in subtropical China. We assessed the main and interactive effects of elevated [CO 2 ] and N addition on soil respiration by growing tree seedlings in ten large open-top chambers under CO 2 (ambient CO 2 and 700 µmol mol −1 ) and nitrogen (ambient and 100 kg N ha −1 yr −1 ) treatments. Soil respiration, soil temperature and soil moisture were measured for 30 months, as well as above-ground biomass, root biomass and soil organic matter (SOM). Results showed that soil respiration displayed strong seasonal patterns with higher values observed in the wet season (April-September) and lower values in the dry season (October-March) in all treatments. Significant exponential relationships between soil respiration rates and soil temperatures, as well as significant linear relationships between soil respiration rates and soil moistures (below 15%) were found. Both CO 2 and N treatments significantly affected soil respiration, and there was significant interaction between elevated [CO 2 ] and N addition (p < 0.001, p = 0.003, and p = 0.006, respectively). We also observed that the stimulatory effect of individual elevated [CO 2 ] (about 29% increased) was maintained throughout the experimental period. The positive effect of N addition was found only in 2006 (8.17% increased), and then had been weakened over time. Their combined effect on soil respiration (about 50% increased) was greater thanCorrespondence to: D. Zhang (zhangdeq@scbg.ac.cn) the impact of either one alone. Mean value of annual soil respiration was 5.32 ± 0.08, 4.54 ± 0.10, 3.56 ± 0.03 and 3.53 ± 0.03 kg CO 2 m −2 yr −1 in the chambers exposed to elevated [CO 2 ] and high N deposition (CN), elevated [CO 2 ] and ambient N deposition (CC), ambient [CO 2 ] and high N deposition (NN), and ambient [CO 2 ] and ambient N deposition (CK as a control), respectively. Greater above-ground biomass and root biomass was obtained in the CN, CC and NN treatments, and higher soil organic matter was observed only in the CN treatment. In conclusion, the combined effect of elevated [CO 2 ] and N addition on soil respiration was apparent interaction. They should be evaluated in combination in subtropical forest ecosystems in China where the atmospheric CO 2 and N deposition have been increasing simultaneously and remarkably.

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“…In this framework, the measurements which are collected for the same observation unit are explicitly assumed to be dependent, which leads to a more realistic estimate of the effective degrees of freedom (and consequently more realistic confidence bounds) than when assuming independent observations. However, only a few soil respiration studies adopt a multi-level modelling approach (Bernhardt et al, 2006), whereas multi-level modelling is commonplace in many other areas of ecology and the environmental sciences (Qian et al, 2010). In this study, we aimed to follow these guidelines to implement good modelling practices and build predictive models for R S , R A and R H for a managed heathland site.…”

Section: G R Kopittke Et Al: Soil Respiration On An Aging Managed mentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil respiration on an aging managed heathland: identifying an appropriate empirical model for predictive purposes

et al. 2013

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Heathlands are cultural landscapes which are managed through cyclical cutting, burning or grazing practices. Understanding the carbon (C) fluxes from these ecosystems provides information on the optimal management cycle time to maximise C uptake and minimise C output. The interpretation of field data into annual C loss values requires the use of soil respiration models. These generally include model variables related to the underlying drivers of soil respiration, such as soil temperature, soil moisture and plant activity. Very few studies have used selection procedures in which structurally different models are calibrated, then validated on separate observation datasets and the outcomes critically compared. We present thorough model selection procedures to determine soil heterotrophic (microbial) and autotrophic (root) respiration for a heathland chronosequence and show that soil respiration models are required to correct the effect of experimental design on soil temperature. Measures of photosynthesis, plant biomass, photosynthetically active radiation, root biomass, and microbial biomass did not significantly improve model fit when included with soil temperature. This contradicts many current studies in which these plant variables are used (but not often tested for parameter significance). We critically discuss a number of alternative ecosystem variables associated with soil respiration processes in order to inform future experimental planning and model variable selection at other heathland field sites. The best predictive model used a generalized linear multi-level model with soil temperature as the only variable. Total annual soil C loss from the young, middle and old communities was calculated to be 650, 462 and 435 g C m⁻² yr⁻¹, respectively

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Long-term Effects of Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) on Soil Respiration

Cited by 110 publications

References 60 publications

Interactions between bacterial carbon monoxide and hydrogen consumption and plant development on recent volcanic deposits

Interactions between bacterial carbon monoxide and hydrogen consumption and plant development on recent volcanic deposits

Responses of soil respiration to elevated carbon dioxide and nitrogen addition in young subtropical forest ecosystems in China

Soil respiration on an aging managed heathland: identifying an appropriate empirical model for predictive purposes

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