Long-term Effects of Excess Sucrose Ingestion on Three Strains of Rats

Zein, Mohmed; Areas, Jorge; Preuss, Harry G.

doi:10.1093/ajh/3.7.560

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…This finding is important for two reasons. First, previous experience had not shown an elevation of SBP when sucrose was increased to 36% of calories in the low-sodium diet [ 8,10]. Our present results indicate that the presence of more dietary salt sen sitized the SBP response of SHRs to moderate sugar intake.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

“…Salt sensitivity can be bred into animals [14]. Less recognized is that excess sugar consumption also elevates BP [4,7,8,10,15], and sensitivity differs among various strains of rats [5]. In the present investigation, increasing salt to concentrations approximately twice those in regular rat chow elevated SBP relative to that in rats on a diet low in salt content, i.e.. 'h to 'h the usual content.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

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Interplay between Sugar and Salt on Blood Pressure in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Preuss

1994

Nephron

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Previous experience showed that sucrose ingestion exceeding 50% of total calories consistently increased systolic blood pressure (SBP) in rats, but ingesting 36 or 13% of calories as sucrose did not. In fact, the mean SBP of rats ingesting 36% of calories as sucrose was not different from rats ingesting 13% of calories as sucrose. This was not the case in the present study where the dietary salt content was increased. Adding dietary salt (NaCl) to raise low concentrations of Na (0.14% wt/wt) to higher concentrations (0.80% wt/wt) in diets with 36 and 13% of calories from sucrose significantly elevated SBP in spontaneously hypertensive rats eating both diets, but significantly more in the former. Accordingly, an interplay exists between sugar and salt in SBP regulation, and it is suggested that amounts of sugar characteristically consumed by an average human are capable of increasing BP. Composition of diets, especially with respect to sugar and salt, should be considered when interpreting results from studies on various aspects of hypertension.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Interplay between Sugar and Salt on Blood Pressure in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Preuss

1994

Nephron

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“…Rats maintained on a diet rich in fructose or sucrose have been reported to develop insulin resistance (1)(2)(3). Previous studies have shown prominent glomerular injury in rats maintained on a high-fructose diet (HFD) (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, another study showed only a slight increase in glomerular sclerosis in Sprague-Dawley rats fed fructose for 12 months (5). Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake is enhanced in exercise-trained rats, and the hyperinsuline-elevation in blood pressure, the degree of elevation varies among rat strains (2,11). Reaven et al reported that the magnitude of fructose-induced increases in blood pressure and in plasma insulin and triglyceride concentrations was significantly greater in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) than in normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Exercise Training on Glomerular Structure in Fructose-Fed Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Yoshida

Kawamura

et al. 2003

Hypertens Res

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A high-fructose diet (HFD) has been shown to elevate blood pressure (BP) and to decrease insulin sensitivity in rats. Although running exercise can attenuate these phenomena, its effect on target organ protection is not clear. We investigated whether exercise training has renal protective effects in this model. Nine-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats were allocated to groups that received HFD or a control diet (control group) for 15 weeks. At the age of 10 weeks, fructose-fed rats were allocated to groups that were given vehicle (FRU group), temocapril, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (TEM group), exercise training (EX group; treadmill running), or temocapril plus exercise training (TEM+EX group). BP was higher in the FRU group than in the control group. Exercise training tended to decrease BP and temocapril treatment decreased BP significantly. Proteinuria was similar in the five groups. Plasma leptin concentration and epididymal fat weight were lower in the EX and TEM+EX groups than in the FRU group. In the soleus muscle of the FRU group, the composite ratio of type I fiber was decreased and that of type IIa fiber was increased compared with those in the control group. Both temocapril and exercise training restored these ratios. The glomerular sclerosis index (GSI) was higher in the FRU group than in the control group. GSI was decreased equally in the TEM, EX, and TEM+EX groups and was positively correlated with plasma leptin concentration. The results suggest that exercise training ameliorates glomerular sclerosis through mechanisms other than a reduction in BP.

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“…The experimental diets have been described as diets II and IV in previous communications [23,24]: II-High Sugar-Low Protein (HS-LP) and IV -Low Sugar-High Protein (LS-HP). The percentage of energy contributed by sugar (sucrose) and protein were the variables of interest.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sugar-induced hypertension in Fischer 344 and F1-hybrid rats (F344/BN) at different ages

Preuss

Knapka

1994

Geriatric Nephrol Urol

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Epidemiological evidence suggests that some nutrients, like sodium and potassium, participate in agerelated hypertension. A role for refined carbohydrates (CHO), principally sugar, in blood pressure regulation is not generally recognized. This may be unfortunate, since modem lifestyle is associated with large amounts of dietary refined CHO. We examined the effect of a high sugar diet on systolic blood pressure (SBP) in Fischer 344 rats (F344) and the Fl-hybrid of this strain (F344/BN). These genotypes have been used to develop experimental models for studies on different aspects of aging. Age-dependent hypertension has not been reported in either strain. In fact, insensitivity to salt-induced hypertension has been found in F344 rats. Upon arrival at our laboratory, the mean difference in SBP between the youngest (4 months) and oldest (18 months) F344 and Fl-hybrid rats was 10 mm Hg, the highest mean SBP was 123 mm Hg. These values remained relatively constant over the next month when both strains consumed a low sugar diet. Differently, a steady increase in SBP occurred in both strains when rats of all ages were fed a diet high in sucrose content, mean SBP increasing to over 170 mm Hg at termination of study. Older rats proved more sensitive initially to sugar-induced SBP elevations. Associated with rising SBP was evidence of Na retention. We conclude that a diet containing excess sugar can create a gradual elevation of SBP into a hypertensive range with aging of F344 and Fl-hybrid rats. This contrasts with previous findings.

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Long-term Effects of Excess Sucrose Ingestion on Three Strains of Rats

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Interplay between Sugar and Salt on Blood Pressure in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Interplay between Sugar and Salt on Blood Pressure in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Effects of Exercise Training on Glomerular Structure in Fructose-Fed Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Sugar-induced hypertension in Fischer 344 and F1-hybrid rats (F344/BN) at different ages

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