Long-term effects of coronavirus disease 2019 on the cardiovascular system, CV COVID registry: A structured summary of a study protocol

Arévalos, Víctor; Ortega‐Paz, Luis; Fernández-Rodríguez, Diego; Jiménez-Díaz, Víctor Alfonso; Bañeras, Jordi; Campo, Gianluca; Rodríguez-Santamarta, Miguel; Prado, Armando Pérez de; Gómez-Menchero, Antonio; Fernández, José Francisco Díaz; Scardino, Claudia; Gonzalo, Nieves; Pernigotti, Alberto; Alfonso, Fernándo; Amat‐Santos, Ignacio J.; Silvestro, Antonio; Ielasi, Alfonso; Torre, José María de la; Bastidas, Gabriela; Gómez-Lara, Josep; Sabaté, Manel; Brugaletta, Salvatore

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0255263

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…Existing data show that prolonged CV symptoms can be expected in a large proportion of COVID-19 patients even in the long term; consequently, numerous studies are presently being conducted to find out the long-term repercussions of COVID-19, such as the CV-COVID-19 registry (NCT04359927), which aims to determine the frequency of clinically important endpoints such as CV mortality, acute coronary syndrome, pulmonary embolism and hospital admission due to HF [87].…”

Section: Cardiovascular Involvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-COVID-19 Syndrome: Involvement and Interactions between Respiratory, Cardiovascular and Nervous Systems

Visco

Vitale

Rispoli

et al. 2022

JCM

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Though the acute effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection have been extensively reported, the long-term effects are less well described. Specifically, while clinicians endure to battle COVID-19, we also need to develop broad strategies to manage post-COVID-19 symptoms and encourage those affected to seek suitable care. This review addresses the possible involvement of the lung, heart and brain in post-viral syndromes and describes suggested management of post-COVID-19 syndrome. Post-COVID-19 respiratory manifestations comprise coughing and shortness of breath. Furthermore, arrhythmias, palpitations, hypotension, increased heart rate, venous thromboembolic diseases, myocarditis and acute heart failure are usual cardiovascular events. Among neurological manifestations, headache, peripheral neuropathy symptoms, memory issues, lack of concentration and sleep disorders are most commonly observed with varying frequencies. Finally, mental health issues affecting mental abilities and mood fluctuations, namely anxiety and depression, are frequently seen. Finally, long COVID is a complex syndrome with protracted heterogeneous symptoms, and patients who experience post-COVID-19 sequelae require personalized treatment as well as ongoing support.

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Section: Cardiovascular Involvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-COVID-19 Syndrome: Involvement and Interactions between Respiratory, Cardiovascular and Nervous Systems

Visco

Vitale

Rispoli

et al. 2022

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A large retrospective registry study focusing on long-term cardiovascular outcomes was conducted in 2019, but results are still pending. 91 Hopefully, it will provide more data for the short and long-term cardiovascular mortality and cardiac events at one year of follow-up. Further large prospective studies are still needed to elucidate the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and long-term outcome of COVID-19 before this pandemic subsides.…”

Section: Prognosis After Covid-19 Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endotheliitis after COVID-19 Infection Requires Optimization of Chronic Disease Prevention

Wannapaschaiyong¹,

Bunman²

2022

bkkmedj

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The global impact of COVID -19 viral pandemic I n December 2019, WHO reported the occurrence of a new coronavirus infection epidemic (2019-nCoV, SARS-CoV2, so-called COVID -19) in Wuhan, China. 1 With rather short incubation period, median of 4 days, COVID -19 rapidly spread over China within two months. 2 This outbreak became one of the fastest pandemics the world has ever seen, and the number of global infected cases rose from 750,890 in March 2020 to over 266 million in August 2021, with the death toll increasing from 36,405 to nearly 4.4 million. 3 Therefore, this novel virus created serious burden worldwide, not only for healthcare services but also the global economic system. It was estimated that COVID -19 virus reduced the annual global economic growth rate to -3.4% to -7.6% in 2020. 4 In June 2020, the World Bank reported that Thailand's economy had been shrinking by at least 5 % and it is expected to take more than two years for a full recovery to occur. 5 In Thailand, the number of PCR confirmed COVID-19 cumulative cases rose to over one million (1,120,869) cases, the cumulative death rate reaching 10,314 with peak mortality rates over 200 cases per day in August 2021. 6 Although the majority of cases had only mild symptoms, critical cases developed severe pneumonia, respiratory failure, and many people died. [7][8][9][10] Most of the death occurred in elderly patients, specifically those with chronic, non-communicable disease (NCD) such as DM, HT, CVD, HT, CKD, and chronic lung disease. [7][8][9][10][11] At the beginning, the pathogenic link between NCD and the COVID -19 infection was not entirely clear.

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“…A similar comparator group selection strategy has been implemented in the design of at least one other currently on-going study of long-term CVD outcomes among survivors of COVID-19. 8 If the results of Al-Aly et al persist after applying the eligibility criteria (including SARS-CoV-2 testing) to both exposed and unexposed groups uniformly, that information will be a very important contribution to scientific knowledge. If the results are not robust to this change, that will guide future investigators to avoid sampling a mixture of individuals who were and were not tested for SARS-CoV-2 as an unexposed comparator group.…”

Section: Matter Arising (Letter Format)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Specifying uniform eligibility criteria to strengthen causal inference studies of long-term outcomes of COVID-19

Erqou

Zullo

Jiang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: Causal interpretation of findings from existing epidemiological studies on long-term clinical outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may be limited by the choice of comparator (control) group. Objective: We compare two approaches to control group selection (based on requirement for negative SARS-CoV-2 test for eligibility) in long-term clinical outcomes after COVID-19 in patients with history of heart failure (HF). Design: Retrospective cohort study using data from February 1, 2020 to July 31, 2021. Setting: Veteran Health Administration (VHA). Participants: We studied two cohorts of Veterans with COVID-19 and history of HF which selected comparison group using two different approaches. In Cohort I, Veterans with HF who tested for positive for SARS-CoV-2 were age, sex, and race matched to Veterans with no evidence of COVID-19 in 1:5 ratio. In Cohort II Veterans with HF who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 were age, sex, and race matched with Veterans with HF who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 within +/-15 days of the positive test date within the same VHA facility. Exposure: COVID-19 as determined by a positive SARS-CoV-2 test. Main Outcomes and Measures: 1-year all-cause mortality and hospital admissions beyond the first 30 days after COVID-19 diagnosis. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) accounting for comorbidity and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Results: Cohort I comprised 13,722 Veterans with HF with COVID-19 (mean [SD] age 72.0 [10.2] years, 2.4% female, 71.1% White) and 60,956 matched controls not known to have COVID-19. Cohort II comprised 6,725 Veterans with HF with COVID-19 (mean [SD] age 72.5 [7.5] years, 0.1% female, 80.8% White) and 6,726 matched controls with negative SARS-CoV-2 test. The adjusted HRs for 1-year mortality and hospital admission beyond the first 30 days after diagnosis of COVID-19 were 1.40 (1.32-1.49) and 1.34 (1.28-1.41), respectively, in analysis of Cohort-I (where the comparator group was not required to test negative for SARS-CoV-2). However, in Cohort-II (using the second comparator group specifying negative SARS-CoV-2 test for eligibility), the associations were markedly attenuated; adjusted HRs 1.05 (0.95-1.17) and 1.07 (0.96-1.19), respectively. Conclusions: We found significant attenuation of associations between COVID-19 and long-term risk of mortality and hospital admissions beyond the first 30 days among patient with existing HF, when comparing with a control group selected based on a negative SARS-CoV-2 test versus control group not known to have COVID-19. The findings have implications for the design of studies of long-term CVD (and non-CVD) outcome of COVID-19.

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Long-term effects of coronavirus disease 2019 on the cardiovascular system, CV COVID registry: A structured summary of a study protocol

Cited by 18 publications

References 18 publications

Post-COVID-19 Syndrome: Involvement and Interactions between Respiratory, Cardiovascular and Nervous Systems

Post-COVID-19 Syndrome: Involvement and Interactions between Respiratory, Cardiovascular and Nervous Systems

Endotheliitis after COVID-19 Infection Requires Optimization of Chronic Disease Prevention

Specifying uniform eligibility criteria to strengthen causal inference studies of long-term outcomes of COVID-19

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