Long-Term Effects Of Combined Treatment With Memantine And Donepezil On Alzheimer's Disease Patients: 72-Week Study

Wake, Rei; Araki, Toshimitsu; Miyaoka, Tsuyoshi; Nagahama, Michiharu; Furuya, Motohide; Hayashida, Maiko; Hashioka, Sadayuki; Horiguchi, Jun

doi:10.4172/neuropsychiatry.1000421

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Long-term administration of memantine to patients with AD improved overall clinical symptoms, cognitive function, and SCPD, thereby reducing caregiver burden and transiently inhibiting reduced cerebral blood flow in the prefrontal area [46].…”

Section: Management Of Alzheimer's Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Compounds and Nanoparticles as Phytochemical Delivery Systems for Alzheimer’s Disease Management

Bakrim

Aboulaghras

Menyiy³

et al. 2022

Molecules

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Alzheimer’s disease remains one of the most widespread neurodegenerative reasons for dementia worldwide and is associated with considerable mortality and morbidity. Therefore, it has been considered a priority for research. Indeed, several risk factors are involved in the complexity of the therapeutic ways of this pathology, including age, traumatic brain injury, genetics, exposure to aluminum, infections, diabetes, vascular diseases, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obesity. The pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease is mostly associated with hyperphosphorylated protein in the neuronal cytoplasm and extracellular plaques of the insoluble β-amyloid peptide. Therefore, the management of this pathology needs the screening of drugs targeting different pathological levels, such as acetylcholinesterase (AchE), amyloid β formation, and lipoxygenase inhibitors. Among the pharmacological strategies used for the management of Alzheimer’s disease, natural drugs are considered a promising therapeutic strategy. Indeed, bioactive compounds isolated from different natural sources exhibit important anti-Alzheimer effects by their effectiveness in promoting neuroplasticity and protecting against neurodegeneration as well as neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in the brain. These effects involve different sub-cellular, cellular, and/or molecular mechanisms, such as the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AchE), the modulation of signaling pathways, and the inhibition of oxidative stress. Moreover, some nanoparticles were recently used as phytochemical delivery systems to improve the effects of phytochemical compounds against Alzheimer’s disease. Therefore, the present work aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the key advances concerning nano-drug delivery applications of phytochemicals for Alzheimer’s disease management.

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Section: Management Of Alzheimer's Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Compounds and Nanoparticles as Phytochemical Delivery Systems for Alzheimer’s Disease Management

Bakrim

Aboulaghras

Menyiy³

et al. 2022

Molecules

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Another drug is memantine belonging to different classes of anti-AD agents, NMDAR antagonists ( Mangialasche et al, 2010 ). However, the combination of donepezil and memantine is currently used to improve physical and mental health in patients with AD ( Wake et al, 2018 ). As mentioned above, all these drugs do not treat the disease definitely and relieve its signs to increase the quality of life of patients and caregivers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent developments in the design and synthesis of benzylpyridinium salts: Mimicking donepezil hydrochloride in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

et al. 2022

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Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an advanced and irreversible degenerative disease of the brain, recognized as the key reason for dementia among elderly people. The disease is related to the reduced level of acetylcholine (ACh) in the brain that interferes with memory, learning, emotional, and behavior responses. Deficits in cholinergic neurotransmission are responsible for the creation and progression of numerous neurochemical and neurological illnesses such as AD.Aim: Herein, focusing on the fact that benzylpyridinium salts mimic the structure of donepezil hydrochlorideas a FDA-approved drug in the treatment of AD, their synthetic approaches and inhibitory activity against cholinesterases (ChEs) were discussed. Also, molecular docking results and structure–activity relationship (SAR) as the most significant concept in drug design and development were considered to introduce potential lead compounds. Key scientific concepts: AChE plays a chief role in the end of nerve impulse transmission at the cholinergic synapses. In this respect, the inhibition of AChE has been recognized as a key factor in the treatment of AD, Parkinson’s disease, senile dementia, myasthenia gravis, and ataxia. A few drugs such as donepezil hydrochloride are prescribed for the improvement of cognitive dysfunction and memory loss caused by AD. Donepezil hydrochloride is a piperidine-containing compound, identified as a well-known member of the second generation of AChE inhibitors. It was established to treat AD when it was assumed that the disease is associated with a central cholinergic loss in the early 1980s. In this review, synthesis and anti-ChE activity of a library of benzylpyridinium salts were reported and discussed based on SAR studies looking for the most potent substituents and moieties, which are responsible for inducing the desired activity even more potent than donepezil. It was found that linking heterocyclic moieties to the benzylpyridinium salts leads to the potent ChE inhibitors. In this respect, this review focused on the recent reports on benzylpyridinium salts and addressed the structural features and SARs to get an in-depth understanding of the potential of this biologically improved scaffold in the drug discovery of AD.

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Alzheimer’s disease: is there a way out of the deaf corner?

2023

JPCPY

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Alzheimer's disease and primary open-angle glaucoma have common links of pathogenesis, so they may have the same trigger - an excessively narrowed pupil, manifested by activation of the parasympathetic nervous system. It is advisable to start the treatment of Alzheimer's disease with medical or surgical dilation of the pupil. This approach can be useful in the treatment of migraine, epilepsy, schizophrenia, post-traumatic stress disorder and other diseases that begin with excessive activation of the parasympathetic nervous system

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Long-Term Effects Of Combined Treatment With Memantine And Donepezil On Alzheimer's Disease Patients: 72-Week Study

Cited by 3 publications

References 35 publications

Phytochemical Compounds and Nanoparticles as Phytochemical Delivery Systems for Alzheimer’s Disease Management

Phytochemical Compounds and Nanoparticles as Phytochemical Delivery Systems for Alzheimer’s Disease Management

Recent developments in the design and synthesis of benzylpyridinium salts: Mimicking donepezil hydrochloride in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer’s disease: is there a way out of the deaf corner?

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