Long‐term effects of climate change on vegetation and carbon dynamics in peat bogs

Heijmans, M.M.P.D.; Mauquoy, Dmitri; Geel, B. van; Berendse, F.

doi:10.3170/2008-8-18368

Cited by 101 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Analyses of plant macrofossils can be used to reconstruct peatland vegetation development at the micro-and mesoform level in order to determine successional development and pathways (Hughes and Barber, 2004), reconstruct mire surface wetness as a palaeoclimate proxy (Swindles et al, 2007;Mauquoy et al, 2008), in addition to providing evidence for plant-species mediated changes in long-term carbon sequestration (Mauquoy et al, 2002;Heijmans et al, 2008;Sannel and Kuhry, 2009), and discerning the relative influence of climate change and recent human impact on moorland and blanket mires (Chambers et al, 1999(Chambers et al, , 2007b.…”

Section: Plant Macrofossilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and refinement of proxy-climate indicators from peats

Chambers

Booth

Vleeschouwer

et al. 2012

Quaternary International

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157

104

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OATAO is an open access repository that collects the work of Toulouse researchers and makes it freely available over the web where possible. This is an author-deposited version published in : http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/ Eprints ID : 11364 The Netherlands a b s t r a c t Peat, especially from acidic mires (bogs), is a natural archive of past environmental change. Reconstructions of past climate from bogs commenced in the 19th Century through examination of visible peat stratigraphy, and later formed the basis for a postglacial climatic scheme widely used in Northwest Europe. Nevertheless, misconceptions as to how bogs grow led to a 50-year lacuna in peat-climate study, before the concept of 'cyclic regeneration' in bogs was refuted. In recent decades, research using proxyclimate indicators from bogs has burgeoned. A range of proxies for past hydrological change has been developed, as well as use of pollen, bog oaks and pines and other data to reconstruct past temperatures. Most of this proxy-climate research has been carried out in Northern Europe, but peat-based research in parts of Asia and North America has increased, particularly during the last decade, while research has also been conducted in Australia, New Zealand and South America. This paper reviews developments in proxy-climate reconstructions from peatlands; chronicles use of a range of palaeo-proxies such as visible peat stratigraphy, plant macrofossils, peat humification, testate amoebae and non-pollen palynomorphs; and explains the use of wiggle-match radiocarbon dating and relationship to climate shifts. It details other techniques being used increasingly, such as biomarkers, stable-isotopes, inorganic geochemistry and estimation of dust flux; and points to new proxies under development. Although explicit protocols have been developed recently for research on ombrotrophic mires, it must be recognised that not all proxies and techniques have universal applicability, owing to differences in species assemblages, mire formation, topographic controls, and geochemical characteristics.

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Section: Plant Macrofossilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and refinement of proxy-climate indicators from peats

Chambers

Booth

Vleeschouwer

et al. 2012

Quaternary International

Self Cite

157

104

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“…We conclude that it is difficult to produce quantitative estimates of the effects of global change on the carbon storage capacity of bogs, based solely on the response of the Sphagnum vegetation to increased temperature and N availability. Models that simulate climate change in peat bogs should also consider the possible effects of water availability and the effects on and interactions with the vascular plant vegetation (Heijmans et al 2008).…”

Section: Implications Of Global Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Sphagnum species mixtures to increased temperature and nitrogen availability

et al. 2009

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To predict the role of ombrotrophic bogs as carbon sinks in the future, it is crucial to understand how Sphagnum vegetation in bogs will respond to global change. We performed a greenhouse experiment to study the effects of two temperature treatments (17.5 and 21.7°C) and two N addition treatments (0 and 4 g N m -2 year -1 ) on the growth of four Sphagnum species from three geographically interspersed regions: S. fuscum, S. balticum (northern and central Sweden), S. magellanicum and S. cuspidatum (southern Sweden). We studied the growth and cover change in four combinations of these Sphagnum species during two growing seasons. Sphagnum height increment and production were affected negatively by high temperature and high N addition. However, the northern species were more affected by temperature, while the southern species were more affected by N addition. High temperature depressed the cover of the 'wet' species, S. balticum and S. cuspidatum. Nitrogen concentrations increased with high N addition. N:P and N:K ratios indicated P-limited growth in all treatments and co-limitation of P and K in the high N treatments. In the second year of the experiment, several containers suffered from a severe fungal infection, particularly affecting the 'wet' species and the high N treatment. Our findings suggest that global change can have negative consequences for the production of Sphagnum species in bogs, with important implications for the carbon sequestration in these ecosystems.

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“…Also, peat deposits are valuable archives to study past vegetation and climate changes. Proxy data derived from these studies can be used to test models which simulate and predict past and future peat accumulation and related processes such as carbon sequestration (Heijmans et al, 2008). This is valuable information for evaluating causes and effects of climate change and the role of greenhouse gases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetation history and human impact during the last 300 years recorded in a German peat deposit

Linden

Vickery

Charman

et al. 2008

Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology

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Vegetation history and human impact during the last 300 years recorded in a German peat deposit van der Linden, M.; Vickery, E.; Charman, D.J.; Broekens, P.M.; van Geel, B. General rightsIt is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulationsIf you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: http://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. Download date: 12 May 2018This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues.Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. A peat core from the Barschpfuhl kettlehole mire in north-east Germany was analysed for multiproxy indicators (plant macrofossils, pollen/non-pollen microfossils, testate amoebae, colorimetric humification, carbon/nitrogen ratios, bulk density, loss on ignition), to investigate the effects of climate change and human impact on vegetation and peat accumulation during the last c. 300 years. 14 C wiggle-match dating was applied for high-precision dating. Testate amoebae assemblages were used to reconstruct past water table depths and compared with other proxies and instrumental climate data from the mid-18th century onwards. The mire hydrology of this relatively small bog was heavily influenced by forestry changes in the area. The climate signal was therefore obscured. Afforestation with fast-growing conifers and drainage for agricultural purposes resulted in a lowering of the water level, changes in trophic status, changes in mire surface vegetation and increased decomposition of the peat. Variations in the openness and cultivated land indicators in the pollen data of Barschpfuhl reflect regional population density and land use changes. A B S T R A C T A R T I C L E I N F O

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Long‐term effects of climate change on vegetation and carbon dynamics in peat bogs

Cited by 101 publications

References 73 publications

Development and refinement of proxy-climate indicators from peats

Development and refinement of proxy-climate indicators from peats

Response of Sphagnum species mixtures to increased temperature and nitrogen availability

Vegetation history and human impact during the last 300 years recorded in a German peat deposit

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