Long‐Term Effects of Childhood Abuse on the Quality of Life and Health of Older People: Results from the Depression and Early Prevention of Suicide in General Practice Project

Draper, Brian; Pfaff, Jon J.; Pirkis, Jane; Snowdon, John; Lautenschlager, Nicola T.; Wilson, Ian G; Almeida, Osvaldo P.

doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01537.x

Cited by 245 publications

(179 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Similarly, another cross-sectional survey, which included data on 53,998 individuals from the USA, found increased ORs for diabetes, myocardial infarction and stroke depending on the number of adverse childhood events reported (Gilbert et al, 2015). The same holds true for a cross-sectional study with an Australian sample of more than 21,000 participants, showing increased ORs for stroke or myocardial infarction and emphysema if a person had experienced either physical or sexual abuse during childhood, while the odds increased further when both sexual and physical abuse had been experienced (Draper et al, 2008). This cumulative association was also shown for COPD and diabetes, where the odds were highest when both child physical and sexual abuse had been experienced (Shields, Hovdestad, Gilbert et al, 2016; Shields, Hovdestad, Pelletier et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Depending on the number of maltreatment experiences encountered, the odds ratio (OR) was reported to be increased by up to 1.6 for severe obesity, 2.2 for ischaemic heart disease, 1.9 for the occurrence of any kind of cancer, 2.4 for stroke, 3.9 for chronic bronchitis or emphysema and 1.6 for diabetes (Felitti et al, 1998). Other extended cross-sectional studies followed, confirming associations of child maltreatment with an enhanced risk for obesity, hypertension, diabetes, emphysema and cardiovascular diseases, including stroke and myocardial infarction (Afifi, Mota, MacMillan, & Sareen, 2013; Draper et al, 2008; L. K. Gilbert et al, 2015). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Nevertheless, although a high intercorrelation between different subtypes of maltreatment, as well as a cumulative effect of different maltreatment subtypes on long-term physical health, is well known (Draper et al, 2008; Felitti et al, 1998; Shields, Hovdestad, Gilbert et al, 2016; Shields, Hovdestad, Pelletier et al, 2016), there is a lack of analyses focusing on cumulative effects of different types of maltreatment by involving the number of subtypes of maltreatment experienced. Moreover, there is a lack of studies analysing the association of single subtypes of maltreatment and physical health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of child maltreatment subtypes and long-term physical health in a German representative sample

Clemens

Huber‐Lang

Plener

et al. 2018

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Background: Child maltreatment is a major public problem, associated with enormous consequences on the individual and socioeconomic level. Studies show a clear impact of child maltreatment on long-term physical health. However, there is a lack of analyses comprising a wide variety of subtypes of maltreatment and addressing cumulative effects of different maltreatment subtypes experienced during childhood on physical health. Objective: The objective of this analysis was to assess the association of different subtypes and the intensity of child maltreatment with long-term physical health outcomes. Methods: In a cross-sectional observational approach, a representative sample of the German population (N=2510) was assessed regarding socioeconomic information, their current health status, and their experiences of child maltreatment using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Chi2-Tests were performed to compare differences of physical health conditions in adulthood in association with child maltreatment and binary regression analyses to assess the relationship of physical health and number of different subtypes of maltreatment experienced during childhood. Results: Odds increased significantly for obesity (1.8), diabetes (1.26), cancer (1.28), hypertension (1.16), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (1.51), history of myocardial infarction (1.29) and stroke (1.31) with increasingenhancing number of experienced subtypes of child maltreatment. Growing intensity of each subtype of maltreatment was associated with higher rates of all assessed physical health conditions, which could point towards a dose-dependency of the relationship between maltreatment and long-term physical health. Conclusions: Child maltreatment is associated with increased odds for the leading morbidity and mortality causes in Germany. Interventions encompassing secondary and primary preventive strategies are critical to target this major public health problem and its devastating consequences.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of child maltreatment subtypes and long-term physical health in a German representative sample

Clemens

Huber‐Lang

Plener

et al. 2018

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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“…They recorded (yes/no) whether they had lost a parent or had been victims of physical or sexual abuse before they were aged 15 years ("Were you the victim of physical or sexual abuse before you were 15 years old?") (Draper et al, 2008), and rated their overall health (fair/poor compared with good to excellent), their experience of pain (not at all or a little vs. quite a bit to extreme pain that interfered with work during the preceding four weeks) (the latter two questions are part of the Health Survey SF-12) (Ware et al, 2002), and reported whether they had been advised by their doctor that they had had depression, anxiety, diabetes, hypertension, a heart attack, or a stroke (i.e., doctor-made diagnosis).…”

Section: Other Study Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anxiety, depression, and comorbid anxiety and depression: risk factors and outcome over two years

Almeida

Draper

Pirkis

et al. 2012

Int. Psychogeriatr.

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109

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“…Some proximal factors, like bereavement (Brilman and Ormel, 2001), may have a close temporal relationship with the onset of depressive symptoms, whereas remote factors, such as childhood abuse (Bradley et al, 2008;Draper et al, 2008) and limited formal education (Almeida et al, 2006;Ladin, 2008), may confer vulnerability even later in life. Lifestyle may also play a role: both past and current smoking have been associated with greater odds of depression , and so have physical inactivity (Kritz-Silverstein et al, 2001;Strawbridge et al, 2002), obesity (Almeida et al, 2009a) and heavy alcohol use (Bolton et al, 2009;Hamalainen et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A practical approach to assess depression risk and to guide risk reduction strategies in later life

Almeida

Alfonso

Pirkis

et al. 2010

Int. Psychogeriatr.

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Background:Many factors have been associated with the onset and maintenance of depressive symptoms in later life, although this knowledge is yet to be translated into significant health gains for the population. This study gathered information about common modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for depression with the aim of developing a practical probabilistic model of depression that can be used to guide risk reduction strategies.Methods:A cross-sectional study was undertaken of 20,677 community-dwelling Australians aged 60 years or over in contact with their general practitioner during the preceding 12 months. Prevalent depression (minor or major) according to the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) assessment was the main outcome of interest. Other measured exposures included self-reported age, gender, education, loss of mother or father before age 15 years, physical or sexual abuse before age 15 years, marital status, financial stress, social support, smoking and alcohol use, physical activity, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and prevalent cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases and cancer.Results:The mean age of participants was 71.7 ± 7.6 years and 57.9% were women. Depression was present in 1665 (8.0%) of our subjects. Multivariate logistic regression showed depression was independently associated with age older than 75 years, childhood adverse experiences, adverse lifestyle practices (smoking, risk alcohol use, physical inactivity), intermediate health hazards (obesity, diabetes and hypertension), comorbid medical conditions (clinical history of coronary heart disease, stroke, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, emphysema or cancers), and social or financial strain. We stratified the exposures to build a matrix that showed that the probability of depression increased progressively with the accumulation of risk factors, from less than 3% for those with no adverse factors to more than 80% for people reporting the maximum number of risk factors.Conclusions:Our probabilistic matrix can be used to estimate depression risk and to guide the introduction of risk reduction strategies. Future studies should now aim to clarify whether interventions designed to mitigate the impact of risk factors can change the prevalence and incidence of depression in later life.

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Long‐Term Effects of Childhood Abuse on the Quality of Life and Health of Older People: Results from the Depression and Early Prevention of Suicide in General Practice Project

Abstract: The effects of childhood abuse appear to last a lifetime. Further research is required to improve understanding of the pathways that lead to such deleterious outcomes and ways to minimize its late-life effects.

Cited by 245 publications

References 36 publications

Association of child maltreatment subtypes and long-term physical health in a German representative sample

Association of child maltreatment subtypes and long-term physical health in a German representative sample

Anxiety, depression, and comorbid anxiety and depression: risk factors and outcome over two years

A practical approach to assess depression risk and to guide risk reduction strategies in later life

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