Long-term effects of a diet loosely restricting carbohydrates on HbA1c levels, BMI and tapering of sulfonylureas in type 2 diabetes: A 2-year follow-up study

Haimoto, Hajime; Iwata, Mitsunaga; Wakai, Kenji; Umegaki, Hiroyuki

doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2007.09.009

Cited by 56 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In addition, both the amount and type of CHO influence glycemic control. A 2-year RCT in individuals with type 2 diabetes showed improved BMI and A1C with a CHO-restricted diet compared with a conventional diet (45 vs. 57% of energy as CHO) (16). In a metaanalysis of 14 studies with an average duration of 10 weeks, Brand-Miller et al (17) demonstrated that low-glycemic index diets reduced A1C by 0.4% more than high-glycemic index diets in diabetic individuals.…”

Section: Adherencementioning

confidence: 99%

One-Year Comparison of a High–Monounsaturated Fat Diet With a High-Carbohydrate Diet in Type 2 Diabetes

et al. 2009

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OBJECTIVE -The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of highmonounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and high-carbohydrate (CHO) diets on body weight and glycemic control in men and women with type 2 diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -Overweight/obese participants with type 2 diabetes (n ϭ 124, age ϭ 56.5 Ϯ 0.8 years, BMI ϭ 35.9 Ϯ 0.3 kg/m 2 , and A1C ϭ 7.3 Ϯ 0.1%) were randomly assigned to 1 year of a high-MUFA or high-CHO diet. Anthropometric and metabolic parameters were assessed at baseline and after 4, 8, and 12 months of dieting.RESULTS -Baseline characteristics were similar between the treatment groups. The overall retention rate for 1 year was 77% (69% for the high-MUFA group and 84% for the high-CHO group; P ϭ 0.06). Based on food records, both groups had similar energy intake but a significant difference in MUFA intake. Both groups had similar weight loss over 1 year (Ϫ4.0 Ϯ 0.8 vs. Ϫ3.8 Ϯ 0.6 kg) and comparable improvement in body fat, waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure, HDL cholesterol, A1C, and fasting glucose and insulin. There were no differences in these parameters between the groups. A follow-up assessment of a subset of participants (n ϭ 36) was conducted 18 months after completion of the 52-week diet. These participants maintained their weight loss and A1C during the follow-up period.CONCLUSIONS -In individuals with type 2 diabetes, high-MUFA diets are an alternative to conventional lower-fat, high-CHO diets with comparable beneficial effects on body weight, body composition, cardiovascular risk factors, and glycemic control. Diabetes Care 32:215-220, 2009

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Section: Adherencementioning

confidence: 99%

One-Year Comparison of a High–Monounsaturated Fat Diet With a High-Carbohydrate Diet in Type 2 Diabetes

et al. 2009

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“…Accordingly, we modified the LCD to suit Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes. The moderate LCD we have used has been shown to be effective in reducing hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels in Japanese diabetic patients with lower to higher HbA1c levels without reinforcement with anti-diabetic drugs [6,10-12]. The principle of the moderate LCD in our previous studies was two-graded stratification of carbohydrate restriction according to the patient’s baseline HbA1c level (2-graded moderate LCD) [6,10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The moderate LCD we have used has been shown to be effective in reducing hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels in Japanese diabetic patients with lower to higher HbA1c levels without reinforcement with anti-diabetic drugs [6,10-12]. The principle of the moderate LCD in our previous studies was two-graded stratification of carbohydrate restriction according to the patient’s baseline HbA1c level (2-graded moderate LCD) [6,10,11]. Patients with HbA1c levels < 9.0% were instructed to follow a 40 - 45% carbohydrate diet, while those with HbA1c levels ≥ 9.0% were instructed to follow a 30 - 33% carbohydrate diet; the former patients achieved a HbA1c reduction of 0.7% in 1–2 years [6,11], while the latter achieved a remarkable reduction of 3.1 - 3.6% in 6–12 months [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-graded stratification of carbohydrate restriction by level of baseline hemoglobin A1c for type 2 diabetes patients with a moderate low-carbohydrate diet

et al. 2014

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BackgroundA moderate low-carbohydrate diet has been receiving attention in the dietary management of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). A fundamental issue has still to be addressed; how much carbohydrate delta-reduction (Δcarbohydrate) from baseline would be necessary to achieve a certain decrease in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels.ObjectiveWe investigated the effects of three-graded stratification of carbohydrate restriction by patient baseline HbA1c levels on glycemic control and effects of Δcarbohydrate on decreases in HbA1c levels (ΔHbA1c) in each group.Research design and methodsWe treated 122 outpatients with T2DM by three-graded carbohydrate restriction according to baseline HbA1c levels (≤ 7.4% for Group 1, 7.5%-8.9% for Group 2 and ≥ 9.0% for Group 3) and assessed their HbA1c levels, doses of anti-diabetic drugs and macronutrient intakes over 6 months.ResultsAt baseline, the mean HbA1c level and carbohydrate intake were 6.9 ± 0.4% and 252 ± 59 g/day for Group 1 (n = 55), 8.1 ± 0.4% and 282 ± 85 g/day for Group 2 (n = 41) and 10.6 ± 1.4% and 309 ± 88 g/day for Group 3 (n = 26). Following three-graded carbohydrate restriction for 6 months significantly decreased mean carbohydrate intake (g/day) and HbA1c levels for all patients, from 274 ± 78 to 168 ± 52 g and from 8.1 ± 1.6 to 7.1 ± 0.9% (n = 122, P < 0.001 for both) and anti-diabetic drugs could be tapered. ΔHbA1c and Δcarbohydrate were -0.4 ± 0.4% and -74 ± 69 g/day for Group 1, -0.6 ± 0.9% and -117 ± 78 g/day for Group 2 and -3.1 ± 1.4% and -156 ± 74 g/day for Group 3. Linear regression analysis showed that the greater the carbohydrate intake, the greater the HbA1c levels at baseline (P = 0.001). Also, the greater the reduction in carbohydrate intake (g/day), the greater the decrease in HbA1c levels (P < 0.001), but ΔHbA1c was not significantly influenced by changes in other macronutrient intakes (g/day).ConclusionsThree-graded stratification of carbohydrate restriction according to baseline HbA1c levels may provide T2DM patients with optimal objectives for carbohydrate restriction and prevent restriction from being unnecessarily strict.

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“…En otros 4 se encontró mayor reducción en el grupo DBCH (14,17,19,21), y en el resto no hubo diferencias entre grupos. En ningún caso se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas con respecto a los niveles de colesterol total.…”

Section: Valores Lipídicosunclassified

Dietas bajas en hidratos de carbono para diabéticos de tipo 2. Revisión sistemática

et al. 2017

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Introduction: In general it has been recommended to people with diabetes to follow a low-carb diet. However, diets low in carbohydrates (DLCH) seem to be, at least, just as effective as low-fat, even providing better results in some cases in terms of glycemic control, decreased body weight and improves markers of cardiovascular risk. Objetives: To analyze the effect of the DLCH with respect to a low-fat diet (LFD) or other, as to baseline blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), body weight, total cholesterol, and triglycerides. Methods: Literature Search of studies published in Medline, Scopus, Cinahl, Lilacs, Dialnet, Scielo and ProQuest. We extracted data on the composition of the diets evaluated, duration, and changes with respect to baseline blood glucose, HbA1c, body weight, cholesterol, and triglycerides. Results: We included 15 studies in the review found one of them signifi cant differences between groups in levels of fasting glucose, in 6 in terms of HbA1c and 3 in terms of body weight. With regard to the levels of blood lipid, are not found in any study, signifi cant differences between groups in regard to total cholesterol, while it is found in three studies with regard to the levels of triglycerides. Conclusions: This review shows that the DLCH can be effective in some aspects such as the reduction of HbA1c, body weight or triglyceride, although there is suffi cient evidence to support its long term use over other diets, which requires more future research.

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Long-term effects of a diet loosely restricting carbohydrates on HbA1c levels, BMI and tapering of sulfonylureas in type 2 diabetes: A 2-year follow-up study

Cited by 56 publications

References 23 publications

One-Year Comparison of a High–Monounsaturated Fat Diet With a High-Carbohydrate Diet in Type 2 Diabetes

One-Year Comparison of a High–Monounsaturated Fat Diet With a High-Carbohydrate Diet in Type 2 Diabetes

Three-graded stratification of carbohydrate restriction by level of baseline hemoglobin A1c for type 2 diabetes patients with a moderate low-carbohydrate diet

Dietas bajas en hidratos de carbono para diabéticos de tipo 2. Revisión sistemática

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