Long-term dynamic of forest vegetation after reduction of copper smelter emissions

Воробейчик, Е. Л.; Трубина, М. Р.; Хантемирова, Е. В.; Bergman, I. E.

doi:10.1134/s1067413614060150

Cited by 62 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…umn.ru). Despite the recent drop in emissions, there is no evidence of ecosystem recovery in the highly polluted areas (Vorobeichik et al 2014) or of reduced metal content in the topsoil (Vorobeichik and Kaigorodova 2017).…”

Section: Soil Sampling and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is detailed information available on the study area with regard to the effect of metal pollution on soil properties (Kaigorodova and Vorobeichik 1996;Vorobeichik and Kaigorodova 2017), in particular with regard to the effect of metal pollution on the thickness of forest litter (Korkina and Vorobeichik 2018;Vorobeichik 1995) and the state of soil organic matter (Korkina and Vorobeichik 2018;Prokopovich and Kaigorodova 1999). Likewise, there is detailed information on the effect of metal pollution on tree stand (Usoltsev et al 2012), herbaceous vegetation (Vorobeichik et al 2014), soil fungi (Mikryukov et al 2015), soil respiration (Smorkalov and Vorobeichik 2011;Smorkalov and Vorobeichik 2016), soil-dwelling macroinvertebrates (Vorobeichik 1998;Vorobeichik et al 2019;Vorobeichik et al 2012), soil microarthropods, and ground running macroinvertebrates (Ermakov 2004). Some of this information is summarized in Table 1.…”

Section: Soil Sampling and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Root Elongation Method for the Quality Assessment of Metal-Polluted Soils: Whole Soil or Soil-Water Extract?

Prudnikova

Neaman

Терехова

et al. 2020

J Soil Sci Plant Nutr

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Root elongation method may be implemented using two internationally accepted protocols: exposing plants to either soil-water extract or whole soil. But which of the two protocols is more suitable for root elongation analysis undertaken for the quality assessment of metal-polluted soils? Soils were sampled at various distances from the site of the Middle Urals Copper Smelter located in Russia. White mustard was used as a bioindicator. We observed considerable differences in root elongation under the two protocols. In plants grown in whole soil, root length inversely correlated with pollution index, but in soil-water extract, metal concentrations had no effect on root length. Nutrient and metal concentrations in the soil-water extract were not buffered, due to the absence of the solid soil phase. It is for this reason that in highly polluted soils, root growth was greater in soil-water extracts rather than in whole soils, whereas in background soils (in the absence of toxicity), root growth was greater in whole soils compared with soil-water extracts. The quantity, intensity, and capacity factors are a plausible explanation for the differences in root length between the two protocols. The soil-water extract does not represent actual soil with respect to the desorptiondissolution reactions that take place between the soil solid phase and the soil solution. For this reason, whole soil protocol should be used for measuring root elongation given that only under this protocol, direct contact between metal-polluted soil and test organisms correctly replicates the risks inherent in the actual soil habitat.

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Section: Soil Sampling and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Soil Sampling and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root Elongation Method for the Quality Assessment of Metal-Polluted Soils: Whole Soil or Soil-Water Extract?

Prudnikova

Neaman

Терехова

et al. 2020

J Soil Sci Plant Nutr

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“…The study area was located in the region surrounding the Middle Ural Copper Smelter (Russia, Sverdlovsk region, city of Revda, 50 km from Ekaterinburg). The total polluting emissions from the smelter exceeded 140 000 tons yr À1 in 1990-2000, but decreased to 3000-5000 tons yr À1 in 2013 (Vorobeichik et al, 2014). These emissions have formed a pronounced 30 km gradient of soil acidity and heavy metal content in the soil (Kaigorodova & Vorobeichik, 1996).…”

Section: Study Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variation and selfing rate in Lychnis flos‐cuculi along an industrial pollution gradient

Dulya

Mikryukov

2015

New Phytologist

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SummaryWe studied nine populations of a meadow mixed-mating plant Lychnis flos-cuculi growing in a gradient of copper smelter emissions. We hypothesize that metal tolerant populations in the polluted areas have experienced a loss of genetic variation and are more selfing than the populations from the unpolluted areas.One hundred and thirty-five parental plants and 1059 offspring were genotyped with six microsatellite markers. Selfing rates were assessed manually, with RMES, MLTR and COLONY2. Soil toxicity, population density and pollinators' activity were estimated in the studied areas.Populations from the heavily polluted area have experienced a strong founder effect. However, at present, they are characterized by high densities. A recent genetic explosion was registered for the population from the most polluted site, probably due to forest thinning under pollution effects. Selfing rates estimated with different approaches agreed well only for populations with high genetic variation; they comprised 0-0.23 and were similar between polluted and clean areas.Self-fertilization in L. flos-cuculi hardly represents a mechanism for the fixation of advantageous alleles and a barrier for gene flow from non-tolerant populations. The employment of different methods of selfing rate estimation in populations with low genetic variation appears to be necessary, though not a guarantee of reliable conclusions.

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“…High intake of nitrogen oxides (NO x ) by plants can reduce photosynthesis and yield (Hu et al 2015). Exposure of trees to mixtures of several air pollutants can impair their resistance to stresses such as frost and snow storms (Vorobeichik et al 2014).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Long 1 periods of cold temperatures and wet climates with frequent fog, low clouds and low light conditions can enhance the toxicity of gaseous air pollutants for flora (Augustaitis 2011, WHO 2000. Natural recovery of pollution-impacted ecosystems can be slow, and original plant communities may remain absent long after remedial measures are implemented (Vorobeichik et al 2014).…”

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confidence: 99%

Community multiscale air quality (CMAQ) modeling of the atmospheric quality and pollutant deposition over the Terrace-Kitimat Valley of northwestern British Columbia, Canada

Onwukwe¹

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Tracking the effects of air pollution from industries is important for developing management strategies under changing emissions. However, computational tools for air pollution assessment often do not elucidate modeling uncertainty, making it difficult for environmental policy-makers to know how much confidence to put in model results, which also hampers aspects that may need improving. This study examined how the WRF-SMOKE-CMAQ modeling system with various planetary boundary-layer (PBL) schemes and atmospheric datasets mimics the local meteorology, air quality and acidic deposition at 1 km horizontal resolution over the industrializing Terrace-Kitimat Valley of northwestern British Columbia. Quantitative and qualitative correspondence of model outputs with observational data varied with station location, the nature of pollutant emissions, and quantity of chemical species. Valid model outputs were used to delineate present compliance with objectives on ambient fine particulate matter, and baseline exceedance of critical loads of sulfur and nitrogen deposition for the forest ecosystem. Spatial impacts of anticipated industrial emissions on the environment were also assessed. An additional 15 tonnes day-1 permissible SO2 emission from an aluminum smelter in Kitimat was projected to result in 50–88 % increase in aerial exceedance of the limit for protection of lichen, and 37–67 % increase in spatial exceedance of acidic deposition to soils. Cumulatively, 16–18 km2 of plant habitat, and 10–11 km2 of soil in an area contiguous with the smelter site will likely be damaged by its SO2 emission under the latest regulation. Should two Liquefied Natural Gas projects commence operations, cumulative NOx concentrations are expected to remain below harmful levels, while pre-existing areal exceedance of nitrogen deposition will barely increase (0–1 km2). An additional 4 km2 area will be exposed to SO2 concentrationsiii that are directly harmful to vegetation, while 13–14 km2 total area with an average of 29.7–35.0 kg ha-1 yr-1 excess sulfur deposition was estimated. These projections assumed all future emissions of NOx, SO2 and other air pollutants will be from elevated point sources.

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Long-term dynamic of forest vegetation after reduction of copper smelter emissions

Cited by 62 publications

References 23 publications

Root Elongation Method for the Quality Assessment of Metal-Polluted Soils: Whole Soil or Soil-Water Extract?

Root Elongation Method for the Quality Assessment of Metal-Polluted Soils: Whole Soil or Soil-Water Extract?

Genetic variation and selfing rate in Lychnis flos‐cuculi along an industrial pollution gradient

Community multiscale air quality (CMAQ) modeling of the atmospheric quality and pollutant deposition over the Terrace-Kitimat Valley of northwestern British Columbia, Canada

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