Long-term cytotoxic effects of contemporary root canal sealers

Abstract

Objectives:The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of root canal sealers on the cytotoxicity of 3T3 fibroblasts during a period of 5 weeks.Material and Methods:Fibroblasts (3T3, 1x105 cells per well) were incubated with elutes of fresh specimens from eight root canal sealers (AH Plus, Epiphany, Endomethasone N, EndoReZ, MTA Fillapex, Pulp Canal Sealer EWT, RoekoSeal and Sealapex) and with elutes of the same specimens for 5 succeeding weeks after immersing in simulated body fluid. The cytotoxicity of all root canal sealers was determined using the MTT assay. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's test.Results:RoekoSeal was the only sealer that did not show any cytotoxic effects (p<0.05). All the other tested sealers exhibited severe toxicity initially (week 0). MTA Fillapex remained moderately cytotoxic after the end of experimental period. Toxicity of the other tested sealers decreased gradually over time. The evaluated root canal sealers presented varying degrees of cytotoxicity, mainly in fresh mode.Conclusions:RoekoSeal had no cytotoxic effect both freshly mixed and in the other tested time points. MTA Fillapex was associated with significantly less cell viability when compared to the other tested root canal sealers.

Long-Term Cytotoxicity, pH and Dissolution Rate of AH Plus and MTA Fillapex

“…Our results revealed that both materials, AH Plus and MTA Fillapex, exhibited strong cytotoxic effects in freshly mixed conditions. This results is in agreement with previous studies that also observed severe cytotoxic effect of AH Plus and MTA Fillapex immediately after mixing and in the first days after mixing (4,7,10). After one week and in the succeeding weeks, AH Plus became non-cytotoxic, but MTA Fillapex toxicity did not decrease over time.…”

“…Even if these materials have high arsenic content it does not necessarily indicate a greater release of arsenic. These materials have a higher content of ferric salts, which stabilize the arsenic (10). This may explain why the release of arsenic from various MTA preparations was minimal in previous studies (18,20) and somehow eliminates the possibility of arsenic inducing cytotoxicity in MTA Fillapex.…”

“…As seen in panels A, B and C, both sealers showed strong cytotoxic effects during the first 24 h after mixing, as measured by all three employed methods. No profiles characteristic of each sealer (9,10).…”

Evaluation of the cytotoxicity of selected conventional glass ionomer cements on human gingival fibroblasts

“…It determines the activity of succinate dehydrogenase, a mitochondrial enzyme present in live cells. 19 Selection of an appropriate cell line is a very important part of the study during in vitro cytotoxicity assessments. Researchers' opinions on that issue vary.…”

“…Cell viability was scored according to the method by da Silva et al 19 If cell viability exceeded 90%, the material was deemed non-cytotoxic. For cell viability at the 60-90% range, the material was regarded as slightly cytotoxic.…”