Long‐term Cropping Effects on Partitioning of Water Flow and Nitrate Loss between Surface Runoff and Tile Drainage

Woodley, Alex L.; Drury, C. F.; Reynolds, W. D.; Tan, C. S.; Yang, Xueming; Oloya, T. O.

doi:10.2134/jeq2017.07.0292

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…At each site, TDN concentrations more than doubled when comparing extreme high-low to extreme low-low observations. his result is not surprising given that the predominant land use in these watersheds is row crop agriculture and the soils are tile drained, which is known to be a primary pathway for N loss (Woodley et al, 2018). he impact of hydrology on TDP was inconsistent across sites.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus Stoichiometric Response to Hydrologic Extremes in a Tributary to Lake Erie, USA

Smith

Jarvie

2018

Agricultural & Env Letters

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I ncreasing global population increases the demand for fresh water to support uses, such as drinking water, recreation, and irrigation (Lal, 2015; O'Connor et al., 2008). However, just as the growing population needs an ever-increasing volume of fresh water to support these uses, anthropogenic land uses such as urbanization and intensive agricultural production may lead to impaired water quality. Losses of N and P from agriculture and urban areas can lead to eutrophication of surface waters that diminish their ability to be used for recreation or drinking water (

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus Stoichiometric Response to Hydrologic Extremes in a Tributary to Lake Erie, USA

Smith

Jarvie

2018

Agricultural & Env Letters

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“…Understanding these factors is critical for choosing the correct management practice(s) to reduce NO 3 –N loss. In temperate climates, most of the drainage (81% in Indiana [Kladivko et al, 2004] and 57 to 97% in Ontario, Canada [Woodley et al, 2018]) occurs during the nongrowing season (November through April). In the northern Corn Belt, where soils are frozen during winter, 60 to 80% of drainage usually occurs in the spring months of April through June, when precipitation often exceeds evapotranspiration (Jaynes et al, 2001; Randall et al, 2003b; Randall and Vetsch, 2005b; Helmers et al, 2012).…”

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confidence: 99%

Nitrate Loss in Subsurface Drainage from a Corn–Soybean Rotation as Affected by Nitrogen Rate and Nitrapyrin

2019

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Successful N management practices for the US Midwest must optimize crop production and minimize NO 3 -N losses from subsurface tile drainage. The objective of this study was to measure the effects of N rate, N application timing, and nitrapyrin [2-chloro-6-(trichlormethyl) pyridine] on corn (Zea mays L.) production and NO 3 -N in tile drainage water in a corn-soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rotation in Minnesota. Anhydrous ammonia was applied at 90 and 179 kg ha −1 with nitrapyrin in the fall and at 134 kg ha −1 with and without nitrapyrin in fall and spring. However, drainage water monitoring was only conducted on fall treatments. Over a 5-yr period, 71% of drainage occurred in April through June and <1% occurred from November through March due to frozen soil. Averaged across N treatments and crops, annual drainage ranged from 69 to 380 mm among years. From 2001 through 2003, NO 3 -N concentrations averaged 13.8, 15.6, and 20.0 mg L −1 in corn and 7.3, 8.2, and 12.6 mg L −1 in soybean when 90, 134, and 179 kg N ha −1 was fall applied with nitrapyrin to corn, respectively. Corn grain yields were greater with springapplied N at 134 kg ha −1 (11.3 Mg ha −1 ) than with fall-applied N at 134 and 179 kg ha −1 with nitrapyrin (10.5 and 10.8 Mg ha −1 , respectively), and nitrapyrin did not affect corn production or water quality. Fall application of N is common on cold soils in Minnesota. These data showed that fall application required a greater rate of N to optimize yield than spring and that greater fall rate often increased NO 3 -N concentration and load in tile drainage water.

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“…The studies found through our literature search encompassed sites across the U.S. and Canada and mainly involved implementing different crop rotation systems, applying fertilizer at varying rates, and measuring the chemical contents and amount of subsurface drainage discharge and/or surface runoff for each crop in the rotation or for whole rotations (tables A3 through A7 in the Appendix). Some studies also incorporated other management practices in their evaluations by varying tillage practices and fertilizer type by treatment (e.g., Shipitalo et al, 2013;Weed and Kanwar, 1996;El-Hout and Blackmer, 1990;Woodley et al, 2018). Measurements of drainage or runoff amount and contents were then used by the researchers to evaluate the effectiveness of certain cropping systems in reducing nitrate losses from agricultural fields.…”

Section: Water Quality Benefits From Various Crop Rotation Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All of the factors that may influence the amount of N contributed by different legumes to subsequent crops can also impact the magnitude of nitrate losses in legume-corn crop rotation systems. In particular, precipitation (Klocke et al, 1999;Lawlor et al, 2008;Owens et al, 2000), soil characteristics (Wolkowski et al, 1998), and the other agricultural management practices in place, such as irrigation (Klocke et al, 1999), tillage (Daryanto et al, 2017;Drinkwater et al, 2000;Kanwar et al, 1997;Rekha et al, 2011;Shipitalo et al, 2013;Weed and Kanwar, 1996), and different nutrient management strategies (Drinkwater et al, 1998;El-Hout and Blackmer, 1990;Fox et al, 2001;King et al, 2016;Lawlor et al, 2008;Owens et al, 2000;Rekha et al, 2011;Zhu and Fox, 2003;Woodley et al, 2018), can have a significant impact on the amount of N available for loss via leaching or runoff.…”

Section: Water Quality Benefits From Various Crop Rotation Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Conservation Crop Rotation for Water Pollutant Reduction from Agricultural Areas

Koropeckyj-Cox¹,

Christianson²,

Yuan³

2021

Transactions of the ASABE

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HighlightsAdjusting nitrogen (N) fertilization rates for corn following legumes can reduce N losses.Including perennial legumes in corn rotations can reduce nitrate-N losses and improve water quality.Crop rotations that include three or more years of legumes can be cost-effective.Corn-soybean was the most cost-effective, with a net benefit in nitrate-N loss reduction compared to continuous corn.Abstract. Legumes included in corn-based crop rotation systems provide a variety of benefits to the subsequent crops and potentially to the environment. This review aims to synthesize available data from the literature on legume N credits and the effects of crop rotations on water quality, as well as to analyze the cost benefits associated with different legume-corn rotation systems. We found that there was much variation in reported values for legume N credits to subsequent corn crops, from both empirical results and recommendations made by U.S. land grant universities. But despite inherent complexity, accounting for this contribution is critical when estimating optimal N fertilizer application rates as part of nutrient management. Results from research on the influence of crop rotations on water quality show that including legumes in corn-based rotation systems generally decreases nitrate-N concentrations in subsurface drainage discharge. Our cost analysis showed that incorporating legumes in cropping systems reduced N fertilizer and pesticide costs compared to conventional cropping systems, i.e., continuous corn and corn-soybean rotations, but extended rotations, such as corn-soybean-alfalfa-alfalfa-alfalfa, are not as profitable as conventional systems in the U.S. Midwest. In comparing continuous corn and corn-soybean rotations, although their impacts on water quality are not significantly different when using overall means from the literature data, corn-soybean rotations are more profitable than continuous corn. When using data from papers that directly compared the two, we found that switching from continuous corn to corn-soybean can provide a benefit of $5 per kg N loss reduction. The cost analysis methods used could be tailored to any location or management scenario with appropriate inputs and serve as a useful tool for assessing cost benefits for other agricultural conservation practices. Legume-corn crop rotations have the potential to be an effective conservation practice with the ultimate goal of improving water quality, and, with further research, these rotations could be made even more effective by integrating them into a multi-practice system. Keywords: Conservation practice, Cost analysis, Crop rotation, Nitrate, Nutrient management, Water quality.

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Long‐term Cropping Effects on Partitioning of Water Flow and Nitrate Loss between Surface Runoff and Tile Drainage

Cited by 25 publications

References 34 publications

Carbon, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus Stoichiometric Response to Hydrologic Extremes in a Tributary to Lake Erie, USA

Carbon, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus Stoichiometric Response to Hydrologic Extremes in a Tributary to Lake Erie, USA

Nitrate Loss in Subsurface Drainage from a Corn–Soybean Rotation as Affected by Nitrogen Rate and Nitrapyrin

Effectiveness of Conservation Crop Rotation for Water Pollutant Reduction from Agricultural Areas

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