Long-term cover cropping in tillage-based systems filters weed community phenology: A seedbank analysis

Adeux, Guillaume; Rodríguez, Alain Basail; Penato, Clémence; Antichi, Daniele; Carlesi, Stefano; Sbrana, Massimo; Bàrberi, Paolo; Cordeau, Stéphane

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2022.108769

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Conventional weed management in the past relied primarily on the regular use of synthetic herbicides. This practice would have shifted, or filtered (Adeux et al., 2023; Ryan et al., 2010), the weed community toward species better adapted to conventional weed control and likely drawn down the weed seedbank, assuming the herbicide regimes were effective. Consequently, the sites in NY and MD are better described as fields undergoing transition to organic certification, rather than fields and weed seedbanks characteristic of long‐term organic management.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing organic no‐till planted soybean with cover crop selection and termination timing

et al. 2023

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Research is needed to develop and optimize agroecological practices that can replace unsustainable managementand increase agricultural diversification. Field experiments were conducted in Maryland and New York to assess the effect of cover crop cultivar selection and cover crop termination soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] planting (roll‐plant) date on cover crop growth stage, biomass, and reseeding; weed biomass; and soybean density and yield in organically managed no‐till planted soybean production. Twelve winter cereal cultivars—four each for barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), cereal rye (Secale cereale L.), and triticale (× Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus.)—were seeded at equivalent densities and terminated at four roll‐plant dates. Although many cover crop cultivars had not yet reached the recommended growth stage for adequate termination (anthesis) at the earlier roll‐plant dates, greater soybean yields and similar cover crop reseeding, compared with later dates, were observed. Weed biomass was low across treatments despite cover crop biomass production below the recommended threshold of 8 Mg ha−1. When pooled over cultivars, triticale performed as well as cereal rye in terms of biomass production, weed suppression, and soybean yield. Within each species, differences in weed biomass and soybean yield were observed among cultivars, but inconsistent across site‐years. Results from this research also show that planting soybean before cover crop anthesis can help maximize yield. Farmers can improve management in cover crop‐based no‐till planted soybean by selecting regionally adapted winter cereal species and cultivars that perform well across a range of outcomes, rather than focusing exclusively on biomass production.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing organic no‐till planted soybean with cover crop selection and termination timing

et al. 2023

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“…The diversification of crops over time can be increased by the use of cover crop implemented between the harvest of the previous crop and the sowing of the next cash crop (Teasdale et al, 2007;Rouge et al, 2022). The use of cover crops can improve weed control during this period (Rouge et al, 2022) even if it does not always carry over in the next season (Adeux et al, 2021(Adeux et al, , 2023Rouge et al, 2023) and offer significant and substantial benefits in terms of crop rotation (Sarrantonio and Gallandt, 2003;Marcillo and Miguez, 2017;Nouri et al, 2022).…”

Section: Crop Diversificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grand challenges in designing and assessing agroecological cropping systems

Cordeau

2024

Front. Agron.

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“…Reductions in weed seedbank sizes are also reported as a weed suppressive effect of cover crops. For example, a study in Italy reported that hairy vetch cover crops reduced weed seedling density, while brown mustard ( Brassica juncea ) showed no effect; the variation in suppressive effects between the cover crop species was not explained by differences in cover crop biomass [ 97 ]. A study in Iowa, US reported that winter rye cover crops decreased weed seedbank densities in a maize-soybean farming system.…”

Section: Success and Failure Of Cover Crops In Suppressing Weedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential of Cover Crops for Weed Management: A Sole Tool or Component of an Integrated Weed Management System?

Fernando

Shrestha

2023

Plants

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Cover crops are an important component of integrated weed management programs in annual and perennial cropping systems because of their weed suppressive abilities. They influence weed populations using different mechanisms of plant interaction which can be facilitative or suppressive. However, the question often arises if cover crops can be solely relied upon for weed management or not. In this review we have tried to provide examples to answer this question. The most common methods of weed suppression by an actively growing cover crop include competition for limited plant growth resources that result in reduced weed biomass, seed production, and hence reductions in the addition of seeds to the soil seedbank. Cover crop mulches suppress weeds by reducing weed seedling emergence through allelopathic effects or physical effects of shading. However, there is a great degree of variability in the success or failure of cover crops in suppressing weeds that are influenced by the cover crop species, time of planting, cover crop densities and biomass, time of cover crop termination, the cash crop following in the rotation, and the season associated with several climatic variables. Several studies demonstrated that planting date was important to achieve maximum cover crop biomass, and a mixture of cover crop species was better than single cover crop species to achieve good weed suppression. Most of the studies that have demonstrated success in weed suppression have only shown partial success and not total success in weed suppression. Therefore, cover crops as a sole tool may not be sufficient to reduce weeds and need to be supplemented with other weed management tools. Nevertheless, cover crops are an important component of the toolbox for integrated weed management.

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Long-term cover cropping in tillage-based systems filters weed community phenology: A seedbank analysis

Cited by 10 publications

References 51 publications

Optimizing organic no‐till planted soybean with cover crop selection and termination timing

Optimizing organic no‐till planted soybean with cover crop selection and termination timing

Grand challenges in designing and assessing agroecological cropping systems

The Potential of Cover Crops for Weed Management: A Sole Tool or Component of an Integrated Weed Management System?

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