Long-Term Complications of Appendectomy: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Background and Aims: appendectomy is a common surgical procedure, but no overview of the long-term consequences exists. our aim was to systematically review the long-term complications of appendectomy for acute appendicitis.Materials and Methods: This systematic review was reported according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines. a protocol was registered on prospero (Crd42017064662). The databases pubmed and embase were searched for original reports on appendectomy with n ≥ 500 and follow-up >30 days. The surgical outcomes were ileus and incisional hernia; other outcomes were inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, fertility, and mortality.Results: we included 37 studies. The pooled estimate of the ileus prevalence was 1.0% over a follow-up period of 4.6 (range, 0.5-15) years. regarding incisional hernia, we found a pooled estimate of 0.7% prevalence within a follow-up period of 6.5 (range, 1.9-10) years. Ulcerative colitis had a pooled estimate of 0.15% prevalence in the appendectomy group and 0.19% in controls. The opposite pattern was found regarding Crohn's disease with a pooled estimate of 0.20% prevalence in the appendectomy group and 0.12% in controls. no clear pattern was found regarding most of the examined cancers in appendectomy groups compared with background populations. pregnancy rates increased after appendicitis compared with controls in most studies. mortality was low after appendectomy.Conclusion: appendectomy had a low prevalence of long-term surgical complications. we did not find any significant other long-term complications, though the prevalence of Crohn's disease was higher and the prevalence of ulcerative colitis was lower after appendectomy than in controls. appendectomy did not impair fertility.

Appendectomy history is associated with severe disease and colchicine resistance in adult familial Mediterranean fever patients

“…However, when experienced attacks in the last year were analyzed which represent adulthood period, the difference was present for fever and peritonitis/pleuritis attacks, whereas, the number of musculoskeletal attacks and erysipelas like erythema in the last year were similar in both groups. Theoretically, appendectomy by itself might facilitate occurrence of serositis attacks as suggested by increased risk of inflammatory diseases among appendectomized patients in the long term such as inflammatory bowel disease and sepsis [20,21]. There was no difference between groups for the development of amyloidosis or damage accrual.…”

Appendectomy and women’s reproductive outcomes: a review of the literature

“…Four of these studies had similar outcomes, suggesting that patients with a positive history of appendectomy had an increased pregnancy rate when compared to control groups. Three of the studies included in the review assessed the adjusted HR for first pregnancy, showing increased pregnancy rates for the appendectomy groups with HRs of 1.20 (95% CI: 1.10-1.31), 1.34(95% CI: 1.32-1.35), and 1.54 (95% CI: 1.52-1.56), respectively [49].…”

Nonoperative Antibiotic Treatment of Appendicitis in Adults: A Survey among Clinically Active Surgeons

“…Surgeons who regularly treat appendicitis conservatively consider the consequences of an appendectomy as graver than those who do not. Some studies show an increased complication rate in appendectomized compared to antibiotics-treated patients; however, long-term adverse consequences of appendectomy are unclear [23, 24].…”