Long-Term Cohabitation with a Social Robot: A Case Study of the Influence of Human Attachment Patterns

Dziergwa, Michał; Kaczmarek, Mirela; Kaczmarek, Pawel; Kędzierski, Jan; Wadas-Szydłowska, Karolina

doi:10.1007/s12369-017-0439-2

Cited by 32 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…However, it is likely that effects of attachment style were not found due to the small sample size, as almost half of the participants had a secure attachment style, where it is expected that people with an insecure attachment style are more vulnerable with respect to emotional deception and emotional attachment. As higher levels of attachment provide more ethical concerns to be aware of, and results from other studies indicated that different attachment styles require different approaches (Dziergwa et al, 2018 ), attachment style should be regarded as a useful metric for emotional attachment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing Ethical Social Robots—A Longitudinal Field Study With Older Adults

et al. 2020

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Emotional deception and emotional attachment are regarded as ethical concerns in human-robot interaction. Considering these concerns is essential, particularly as little is known about longitudinal effects of interactions with social robots. We ran a longitudinal user study with older adults in two retirement villages, where people interacted with a robot in a didactic setting for eight sessions over a period of 4 weeks. The robot would show either non-emotive or emotive behavior during these interactions in order to investigate emotional deception. Questionnaires were given to investigate participants' acceptance of the robot, perception of the social interactions with the robot and attachment to the robot. Results show that the robot's behavior did not seem to influence participants' acceptance of the robot, perception of the interaction or attachment to the robot. Time did not appear to influence participants' level of attachment to the robot, which ranged from low to medium. The perceived ease of using the robot significantly increased over time. These findings indicate that a robot showing emotions-and perhaps resulting in users being deceived-in a didactic setting may not by default negatively influence participants' acceptance and perception of the robot, and that older adults may not become distressed if the robot would break or be taken away from them, as attachment to the robot in this didactic setting was not high. However, more research is required as there may be other factors influencing these ethical concerns, and support through other measurements than questionnaires is required to be able to draw conclusions regarding these concerns.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing Ethical Social Robots—A Longitudinal Field Study With Older Adults

et al. 2020

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“…Moreover, using social robots as research tools, we can learn more about ourselves as humans through a social-cognitive lens [33,55]. Social concepts like trust (e.g., [56,57,58,59]), attachment (e.g., [60]), empathy (e.g., [61]), acceptance (e.g., [57,62]), and disclosure (e.g., [42,63,64,65,66,67]) with social robots are being studied. In addition, the use of social robots is growing in complex social contexts such as those found in education (e.g., [58,59,68]), service (e.g., [69]), and care sectors (e.g., [70,71,72]).…”

Section: Interdisciplinary Tensionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Makes a Robot Social? A Review of Social Robots from Fiction to a Home or Hospital Near You

Henschel¹,

Laban²,

Cross³

2020

Preprint

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Purpose of review: We provide an outlook on the definitions, laboratory research, and applications of social robots, with an aim to understand what makes a robot social – in the eyes of science and the general public. Recent Findings: Social robots demonstrate their potential when deployed within contexts appropriate to their form and functions. Some examples include companions for the elderly and cognitively impaired individuals, robots within educational settings, and as tools to support cognitive and behavioural change interventions. Summary: Science fiction has inspired us to conceive of a future with autonomous robots helping with every aspect of our daily lives, although the robots we are familiar with through film and literature remain a vision of the distant future. While there are still miles to go before robots become a regular feature within our social spaces, rapid progress in social robotics research, aided by the social sciences, is helping to move us closer to this reality.

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“…It is difficult to say to what extent these factors can influence the results of the study, but the strongest candidate for a more in-depth assessment would be the personality types. Research indicates that people with different personalities prefer different traits in their companions [15], therefore these differences can reflect in the way they communicate. The factors to consider are the patterns of open/closed, social/asocial people in relation to multi-party interaction.…”

Section: Individual Differences Between Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the last decade social robots have been receiving growing interest by the scientific community, partners in the industry and finally, the end-users of the robots. Social robots have successfully been placed in the roles of personal assistants and helpers [15,16], however, as of late their social environment is expanding and social robots are encountering more situations where there is a need to interact with multiple users simultaneously. Such examples include a robot participating in a discussion involving several users [28], mediation [19] and participating in a social game either as a player [39] or as a host [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ability to move its head, eyes and eyelids allows EMYS to engage users through gaze, which is an important turn-taking cue for multiparty interaction. The robot had been successfully used in multiple experimental scenarios involving empathic robotic tutors [10,12], closing the mind-body loop [42], adapting the principles and practices of animation for robots [41] and long-term interactions [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi-party Turn-Taking in Repeated Human–Robot Interactions: An Interdisciplinary Evaluation

Zarkowski

2019

Int J of Soc Robotics

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As social robots become more popular, so arises the need for these social agents to operate in environments involving multiple users. The robot control systems that govern these multi-party interactions require to be evaluated both from the technical and social standpoints. This paper presents the methodology, setup and results for experiment involving the social robot EMYS participating in multi-party interaction where pairs of participants interacted with the robot in a trivia questions game lead by the robot. In total 32 people, 16 pairs, interacted with the robot twice, which resulted in 32 interactions and 64 filled questionnaires. The developed robot's multi-party interaction system was evaluated both in terms of performance and user assessment. The results show that the robot adhering to human turn-taking social norms reduced the number of occurring conversational errors, which improved the communicative performance from 51.5% to 80.5%, in addition, it made the robot perceived as more communicative, cooperative and fitting user expectations by up to 3 points on a 7 point scale. In addition, the study on repeated interactions revealed that user perception of the robot is affected by subsequent interactions, which can be of consequence in future experiments. This first impression caused lasting effect between 1 and 2 points on user assessment of several robot's aspects, even when contradicted by objective performance measurement of the robot's actual behavior.

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Long-Term Cohabitation with a Social Robot: A Case Study of the Influence of Human Attachment Patterns

Cited by 32 publications

References 27 publications

Designing Ethical Social Robots—A Longitudinal Field Study With Older Adults

Designing Ethical Social Robots—A Longitudinal Field Study With Older Adults

What Makes a Robot Social? A Review of Social Robots from Fiction to a Home or Hospital Near You

Multi-party Turn-Taking in Repeated Human–Robot Interactions: An Interdisciplinary Evaluation

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