Long-term behavioral resilience in search-and-rescue dogs responding to the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks

Hare, Elizabeth; Kelsey, Kathleen M.; Niedermeyer, Greta M.; Otto, Cynthia M.

doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2020.105173

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…As a note, the dogs in the current study were running at a pace of 15 km/h, which would be equivalent in relative intensity to ~50% of VO 2 max pace for moderately trained sled dogs (29.5 km/h) ( 36 ). Ultimately, these data suggest that changes to Siberian husky FA profiles induced in response to short bouts of submaximal exercise are similar in specific FFA and in magnitude of change to that of other breeds that would be used less prominently for endurance sled dog racing, but may be used for different types of endurance-style activity, such as hunting, search and rescue or scent detection ( 37 , 38 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…As a note, the dogs in the current study were running at a pace of 15 km/h, which would be equivalent in relative intensity to ∼50% of VO 2 max pace for moderately trained sled dogs (29.5 km/h) (36). Ultimately, these data suggest that changes to Siberian husky FA profiles induced in response to short bouts of submaximal exercise are similar in specific FFA and in magnitude of change to that of other breeds that would be used less prominently for endurance sled dog racing, but may be used for different types of endurancestyle activity, such as hunting, search and rescue or scent detection (37,38). 1 ) and percent contribution of saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) for the free fatty acid (FFA) fraction identified in serum of all dogs at weeks 2, 5, and 11 (pooled across pre-and post-exercise sampling time points) and at the pre-and post-exercise sampling time points (pooled across weeks 2, 5, and 11).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Fatty Acid Profiles of Serum Lipid Fractions Change Minimally in Sled Dogs Before and After Short Bouts of Exercise

et al. 2021

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Although emerging data suggests a greater influence of gluconeogenic precursors, endurance sled dogs have long appeared to rely heavily on fatty acid oxidation for sustained energy production. However, much of the research investigating lipid utilization during exercise in sled dogs has been carried out with dogs subjected to extended bouts of endurance exercise. Less is known about changes in fatty acid composition in endurance training sled dogs subjected to short bouts of exercise, and fewer data define how fatty acid composition may change in distinct lipid fractions. As such, the study objective was to assess whether short bouts of submaximal exercise would affect fatty acid profiles of serum lipid fractions in endurance training sled dogs. Fifteen privately-owned Siberian huskies were used (8 females: 4 intact, 4 spayed; 7 males: 2 intact, 5 neutered), with an average age of 4.6 ± 2.5 years and body weight of 24.8 ± 4.2 kg. Throughout the diet acclimation and remainder of the study, all dogs were fed a dry extruded diet that met or exceeded all AAFCO nutrient recommendations. Dogs were weighed weekly and fed to maintain baseline body weight. A 12-week exercise regimen was designed to incorporate weekly increases in running distance, but weather played a role in setting the daily distance. On weeks 2, 5, and 11, an exercise challenge was implemented whereby dogs would run 4 km at 15 km/h in teams of 4. Pre- and post-exercise blood samples were taken, and gas chromatography was used to evaluate fatty acid profiles of all identified serum lipid fractions (cholesterol ester, diacylglycerol, free fatty acid, phospholipids, triglyceride). Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED of SAS, with dog as a random effect and week and sampling time point as fixed effects. Composition of oleic (18:1n9), linoleic (18:2n6), and alpha-linolenic (18:3n3) acids in the free fatty acid fraction decreased by ~9, 10, and 60%, respectively, following exercise (P ≤ 0.05). The results presented herein suggest that aside from a degree of depletion of these 18-carbon unsaturated fatty acids, short bouts of submaximal exercise do not induce considerable changes to sled dog fatty acid profiles.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Fatty Acid Profiles of Serum Lipid Fractions Change Minimally in Sled Dogs Before and After Short Bouts of Exercise

et al. 2021

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“…Working dogs have demonstrated long-term behavioral resilience after deployment in acutely stressful situations, such as the search and rescue dogs deployed at the site of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks (151). Other studies, such as that by Wojtaś et al (152), suggest that rescue searches are stressful events to working dogs, demonstrated by elevation in salivary cortisol.…”

Section: Mental Statementioning

confidence: 99%

The Animal Welfare Science of Working Dogs: Current Perspectives on Recent Advances and Future Directions

2021

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Working dogs are prevalent throughout our societies, assisting people in diverse contexts, from explosives detection and livestock herding, to therapy partners. Our scientific exploration and understanding of animal welfare have grown dramatically over the last decade. As community attitudes toward the use of animals continue to change, applying this new knowledge of welfare to improve the everyday lives of working dogs will underpin the sustainability of working with dogs in these roles. The aim of this report was to consider the scientific studies of working dogs from the last decade (2011–2021) in relation to modern ethics, human interaction, and the five domains of animal welfare: nutrition, environment, behavioral interaction, physical health, and mental state. Using this framework, we were able to analyze the concept and contribution of working dog welfare science. Noting some key advances across the full working dog life cycle, we identify future directions and opportunities for interdisciplinary research to optimize dog welfare. Prioritizing animal welfare in research and practice will be critical to assure the ongoing relationship between dogs and people as co-workers.

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Olfaction and Dog Welfare

Rooney,

Parr-Cortes

2023

Olfactory Research in Dogs

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Long-term behavioral resilience in search-and-rescue dogs responding to the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks

Cited by 4 publications

References 44 publications

Fatty Acid Profiles of Serum Lipid Fractions Change Minimally in Sled Dogs Before and After Short Bouts of Exercise

Fatty Acid Profiles of Serum Lipid Fractions Change Minimally in Sled Dogs Before and After Short Bouts of Exercise

The Animal Welfare Science of Working Dogs: Current Perspectives on Recent Advances and Future Directions

Olfaction and Dog Welfare

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