Long-term and storm-related shoreline change trends in the Florida Gulf Islands National Seashore

Hapke, Cheryl J.; Christiano, Mark

doi:10.3133/ofr20071392

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“…The average profile changed from having a well-defined (but discontinuous) foredune with a height of 2·8 m to a steep foreshore backed by large washover sheets in the backshore. In the Fort Pickens Unit, the average shoreline retreated by an average of ~25 m during Hurricane Ivan (see Hapke and Christiano, 2007), although there were sections (the breached areas) where a welded bar was captured in the survey, suggesting that the The average profile changed from a wide foredune with a height of 2 m to an overwash terrace extending into a remnant dune field that had been a low-profile backbarrier dune field prior to Hurricane Ivan ( Figure 4). Due to the continued presence of vegetation in the remnant dune system, the backshore accreted by an average of 0·20 m following Hurricane Katrina, with most of the growth occurring in the summer of 2006, after the dune recovery study by Houser et al (2008b).…”

Section: Average Profile Changementioning

confidence: 99%

“…During Hurricane Dennis, this unit was west of the storm track and winds were offshore, leading to a storm surge along the backbarrier that eroded the remnant dunes from behind. During Hurricane Katrina, the lack of a foredune allowed the site to be overwashed but except for some erosion of the remnant dunes there was little change in island elevation but a further retreat of the shoreline (Hapke and Christiano, 2007). Over the 2004-2005 hurricane season, the shoreline of the Fort Pickens Unit retreated by an average of ~44 m (Hapke and Christiano, 2007).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During Hurricane Katrina, the lack of a foredune allowed the site to be overwashed but except for some erosion of the remnant dunes there was little change in island elevation but a further retreat of the shoreline (Hapke and Christiano, 2007). Over the 2004-2005 hurricane season, the shoreline of the Fort Pickens Unit retreated by an average of ~44 m (Hapke and Christiano, 2007). This suggests that there may have been <10 m of shoreline recovery within the Fort Pickens Unit between September 2005 and July 2006.…”

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Sensitivity of post‐hurricane beach and dune recovery to event frequency

Houser

Hamilton

2009

Earth Surf Processes Landf

142

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The recovery of Santa Rosa Island in northwest Florida is characterized following Hurricane Katrina (September 2005), which was preceded by Hurricanes Ivan (2004) and Dennis (2005). Beach and dune recovery were quantified to the east and west of Pensacola Beach through a comparison of LiDAR data collected immediately following Hurricane Katrina and in July 2006 after almost a year of recovery. East of Pensacola Beach (the Santa Rosa Unit), the shoreline retreated by an average of 64 m during the 2004-2005 hurricane season and recovered by an average of 19 m. To the west of Pensacola Beach (the Fort Pickens Unit), the shoreline retreated by an average of 30 m, and while no significant shoreface recovery was observed, the presence of vegetation on low-profile dunes promoted backshore accretion. It is found that beachface recovery in the Santa Rosa Unit and backshore accretion in the Fort Pickens Unit occurred at the widest sections of the island where the pre-storm profile volume had been relatively large and overwash penetration was at a minimum. The narrow sections of the island (between cuspate headlands) had a smaller profile volume before the storms, leading to greater overwash penetration and in some cases island breaching in both sections, which limited the volume of sediment available for shoreface recovery. The alongshore variation in recovery is not only related to the island width, but also the offshore bathymetry, height of the pre-storm dunes and the overwash penetration. If sufficient time is allowed for the return of vegetation and the recovery of the dunes, the variations in storm impact observed during Hurricane Ivan will be reinforced during subsequent storms. In this respect, the level of impact during subsequent storms and the ability of the island to recover will depend on the frequency of storm events.

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Section: Average Profile Changementioning

confidence: 99%

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