Long‐term accumulation and microdistribution of uranium in the bone and marrow of beagle dog

Arruda-Neto, João D T; Guevara, M. V. Manso; Nogueira, Guilherme de Paula; Taricano, I. D.; Saiki, M.; Zamboni, Cibele B.; Bonamin, Leoni Villano; Camargo, S.P; Cestari, Andrea; Deppman, A.; Garcı́a, F.; Gouveia, A. N.; Guzmán, F.; Helene, O.; Jorge, Soraia Attie Calil; Likhachev, V.P.; Martins, M. C.; Mesa, J.; Rodriguez, Oscar Maurício Hernandez; Vanin, V. R.

doi:10.1080/09553000410001723884

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In broilers after a 7-day contamination with 25 mg of uranyl nitrate hexahydrate per day, histopathological changes were observed in small intestine, liver, and kidney in the form of necrosis of intestinal villi, oedema and cytoplasmic vacuolation of hepatocytes, and dystrophic changes in the kidney tubules epithelium [4]. Results obtained in study on Beagle dogs indicated that through prolonged ingestion uranium was accumulated and distributed both in bone and bone marrow, saturation is reached only after about 10 years [14].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Radioactivity in Monocalcium Phosphate and Complete Feed Mixtures for Pigs

Vranješ¹,

Mitrović²,

Andrić³

et al. 2017

RAD Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. Mineral additives, such as monocalcium phosphate, that are commonly used on pig farms, are obtained by processing phosphate mineral ore, and can contain high levels of 238 U. Since ingestion is the main route of radioactive contamination of both animals and humans, the goal of this paper is to measure specific activity of natural and artificial radionuclides in monocalcium phosphate and complete feed mixtures for pigs. Mineral additives with high levels of natural radionuclides can contaminate complete feed mixtures making them unsuitable for use. Samples were collected from three different farms, and in total fifteen samples of monocalcium and forty five samples of complete feed mixture were measured. Samples of monocalcium phosphate show the 238 U activity concentration of 13.2-2097Bq/kg. Other naturally occurring radionuclides are measured in monocalcium and the results give: 21.4-25.5 Bq/kg for 40 K, 1.5 -12.1 Bq/kg for 226 Ra, 1.5-2.9 Bq/kg for 232 Th, and 1.5-10.8 Bq/kg for 214 Bi. These radionuclides are further measured in complete feed mixtures and only one sample shows elevated concentrations of 238 U (3.1 Bq/kg) and 226 Ra (3.5 Bq/kg). Potassium-40 is detected in all samples, with the specific activity range 208-329 Bq/kg, while other naturally occurring radionuclides and artificial radioceasium are below the detection limits.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Radioactivity in Monocalcium Phosphate and Complete Feed Mixtures for Pigs

Vranješ¹,

Mitrović²,

Andrić³

et al. 2017

RAD Conference Proceedings

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“…Bone health remains a concern because U is stored in the bone (Arruda-Neto et al, 2004;Pellmar et al, 1999) and there is substantial evidence that U interferes with bone metabolism and structure in animals (Dewit et al, 2001;Diaz-Sylvester et al, 2002;Tissandie et al, 2008). As this cohort ages, members will become increasingly at risk for the development of osteoporosis from standard risk factors, and the potential effect of U on bone structure is an added concern.…”

Section: Biomarkers Of Bone Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Health Surveillance in a Cohort of Gulf War Veterans 18 Years After First Exposure to Depleted Uranium

McDiarmid

Engelhardt²,

Dorsey

et al. 2011

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A

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As part of a longitudinal surveillance program, 35 members of a larger dynamic cohort of 79 Gulf War I veterans exposed to depleted uranium (DU) during combat underwent clinical evaluation at the Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center. Health outcomes and biomonitoring results were obtained to assess effects of DU exposure and determine the need for additional medical intervention. Clinical evaluation included medical and exposure histories, physical examination, and laboratory studies including biomarkers of uranium (U) exposure. Urine collections were obtained for U analysis and to measure renal function parameters. Other laboratory measures included basic hematology and chemistry parameters, blood and plasma U concentrations, and markers of bone metabolism. Urine U (uU) excretion remained above normal in participants with embedded DU fragments, with urine U concentrations ranging from 0.006 to 1.88 μg U/g creatinine. Biomarkers of renal effects showed no apparent evidence of renal functional changes or cellular toxicity related to U body burden. No marked differences in markers of bone formation or bone resorption were observed; however, a statistically significant decrease in levels of serum intact parathyroid hormone and significant increases in urinary calcium and sodium excretion were seen in the high versus the low uU groups. Eighteen years after first exposure, members of this cohort with DU fragments continue to excrete elevated concentrations of uU. No significant evidence of clinically important changes was observed in kidney or bone, the two principal target organs of U. Continued surveillance is prudent, however, due to the ongoing mobilization of uranium from fragment depots.

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“…We suspect, however, that lead preferentially accumulates in trabecular bone, and forms discrete, highly enriched areas, or hot spots 20 . Visual examination of the caprine metacarpal bone suggests the central area has a more trabecular appearance than peripheral areas.…”

Section: La-icp-ms Measurements Of the Spatial Distribution Of Lead Imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18 More recent studies have used synchrotron XRF with a 15-μm dimater beam to show preferential accumulation of lead near the surface of a human hip bone. 19 Arruda-Neto et al 20 used induced neutron-fission analysis to examine the microdistribution of uranium in bone from a dog, and reported discrete 'hot spots'. The first use of LA-ICP-MS for spatially resolved analysis of bone appears to be the work of Wang and et al 21 who recorded elevated Rb/Ca ratios near the surface of cross-sections of pig femur.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calibration of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for quantitative measurements of lead in bone

Bellis

Hetter

Jones

et al. 2006

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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SummaryLead accumulates in bone over many years or decades. Accordingly, the study of lead in bone is important in determining the fate of ingested lead, the potential for remobilization, and for the application of bone lead measurements as a biomarker of lead exposure. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) was used to measure the spatial distribution of lead in bone on the micrometer scale. In general, LA-ICP-MS studies are somewhat limited by the lack of matrix-matched standards and/or reference materials for calibration and validation purposes. Here we describe the application of pressed pellets prepared from New York State Department of Health candidate Reference Materials for Lead in Bone (levels 1 through 4), to provide a linear calibration for 208 Pb/ 43 Ca in the concentration range <1 to 30 μg g −1 . The limit of detection was estimated as 0.2 μg g −1 . The measured lead values for pelletized NIST SRM 1486 Bone Meal and SRM 1400 Bone Ash were in good agreement with certified reference values. Using this approach, we quantitatively measured the spatial distribution of lead in a cross-section of goat metacarpal from a lead-dosed animal. The lead content was spatially variable in the range of 2 to 30 μg g −1 with a complex distribution. In some sections, lead appeared to be enriched in the center of the bone relative to peripheral areas, indicating preferential accumulation in trabecular (spongy) rather than cortical bone. In addition, there were discrete areas of lead enrichment, or hot spots, of 100 to 200 μm in width.

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Long‐term accumulation and microdistribution of uranium in the bone and marrow of beagle dog

Cited by 20 publications

References 11 publications

Radioactivity in Monocalcium Phosphate and Complete Feed Mixtures for Pigs

Radioactivity in Monocalcium Phosphate and Complete Feed Mixtures for Pigs

Longitudinal Health Surveillance in a Cohort of Gulf War Veterans 18 Years After First Exposure to Depleted Uranium

Calibration of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for quantitative measurements of lead in bone

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