Long-run regional population disparities in Europe during modern economic growth: a case study of Spain

Ayuda, María‐Isabel; Collantes, Fernando; Pinilla, Vicente

doi:10.1007/s00168-008-0260-9

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…In any case, they are always characterized by low population density and the fragility of their economy, both of which are related to significant geographical isolation and difficulties for territorial integration with other regions. The most widely accepted concept of depopulation refers to the process of chronic loss of population in a territory without any expectation of recovering or returning to the previous maximum population (García Valdivia, 2018; Johnson & Lichter, 2019:4) 6 .…”

Section: Introduction: Theoretical Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depopulation Processes in European Rural Areas: A Case Study of Cantabria (Spain)

Viñas

2019

European Countryside

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Europe witnessed massive migration away from rural areas throughout the 20th century. Spain was no exception to the rule, albeit with differences in timing and pace, and the population in Cantabria constitutes a paradigmatic case. Here, the rural exodus began early – before the mid-20th century – in some mountainous districts, but reached a peak in the 1960s and continued throughout the following decades. Since the 1990s, population levels in rural municipalities have fallen at a slower rate, while the population of the region as a whole has increased slightly. Disturbingly, the rural population has continued to decline in the early 21st century, in an overall context of almost zero population growth. The demographic trends analyzed here are not only different in time, but also in space. With the partial exception of regional capitals and their neighbouring communities, municipalities in mountain districts have witnessed such a substantial decline in their populations that they have experienced a genuine process of depopulation. This case does not explain the all-similar cases in rural Europe as a whole, but it can help in interpreting other comparable processes in different regions of southern Europe where depopulation reached its maximum in the second half of the 20th century and still continues today.

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Section: Introduction: Theoretical Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depopulation Processes in European Rural Areas: A Case Study of Cantabria (Spain)

Viñas

2019

European Countryside

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“…Also, a good part of secondary education was provided by religious entities, which charged for their services and were only located in important entities. On the other hand, as indicated in other studies, economies of agglomeration gained importance for demographic dynamics, particularly when Spain's industrialisation process intensified, especially after 1960 (Ayuda et al, 2010a and2010b;Beltrán et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…4 A recent study also attempts to explain the evolution of the population of the Spanish provinces between 1960 and 1980, focusing exclusively on the agricultural characteristics of these provinces:Clar and Ayuda (2023).5 It is impossible to summarise this literature here. For some very recent studies, see: Adam-Hernández and Harteisen (2020); Bock (2016); Casini et al (2021); Li et al (2019); Lutz and Gailey (2020); Matanle and Sáez (2019); Pinilla and Sáez (2021).6 For Spain, the analysis of long-term demographic dynamics has focused on the provincial level(Ayuda et al, 2010a and2010b) or the municipal level(Goerlich and Mas 2006;Beltrán et al, 2018 and. 7 Another example would be the uneven development of rural electrification, as highlighted by the work for Great Britain byBrassley et al (2017) or Spain byGarrués and Iriarte (2022).…”

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confidence: 99%

Which rural settlements have lost the most population? An analysis of a case study of north-east Spain (Aragón) (1900–2001)

Ayuda

Gómez²,

Pinilla³

2023

Rural History

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The aim of this article is to investigate how the characteristics of the different types of human settlements explain their demographic dynamics and, therefore, which of these have been affected to a greater extent by depopulation processes. For this purpose, we analyse the evolution of the population of Aragón (north-east Spain) in the period 1900–2001, according to the different types of population settlements that exist. Our results show that access to public services has played an essential role, especially when the construction of the welfare state made the rural population feel that there was a penalty for residing in settlements with problems to access them. The main settlements, headquarters of the municipal administration, have had advantages over the secondary settlements. Finally, the scattered population was the most affected and, therefore, emigrated to a greater extent, until this form of residence practically disappeared.

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“…In Spain, regional labour markets and regional economies have traditionally exhibited very important differences, including unemployment rates (Bande et al, 2008;López-Bazo et al, 2005) and demographic trends. For instance, while some regions concentrate most of the population, in others it is dispersed (Ayuda et al, 2010;Goerlich and Mas, 2008). The regional capacity to attract foreign workers has also been unequal (González and Ortega, 2011), while internal migratory flows have remained subdued (Bentolila, 1997).…”

Section: Context and Rationalementioning

confidence: 99%

The part-time wage penalty: Does bargaining coverage outweigh regional differences in Spain?

Ramos

Sanromá

Simón

2016

Econ. labour relat. rev.

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Abstract:The use of part-time jobs is steadily increasing in most advanced economies. Previous literature has concluded that part-time workers suffer a wage penalty, but its magnitude varies across studies and countries. The part-time penalty is the otherwise unexplained element of the gap between full-time and part-time hourly earnings. One potential factor accounting for international differences in this penalty is the coverage of collective bargaining. This article outlines research examining wage differences between part-time and full-time male and female workers in Spain, a country with a very high level of coverage of collective agreements but very heterogeneous regional labour markets. Results are obtained using an econometric decomposition specifically adapted to matched employer-employee data. They show that intra-firm wage differentials for part-and full-time workers with the same characteristics are negligible. But results that are perhaps less expected are those based on the regional analysis -an unprecedented perspective compared with the previous literature. These results show that despite very significant differences in economies and labour markets, observed wage gaps between part-time and full-time workers in each Spanish region are also mainly explained by different endowments of individual, job and firm characteristics. Overall, our evidence highlights the over-riding role of wage setting mechanisms, specifically collective bargaining coverage, in minimising inter-regional differences in the wage penalty of part-time workers.JEL Codes: J31, J22, J41, R23

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Long-run regional population disparities in Europe during modern economic growth: a case study of Spain

Abstract: J11, N30, O18, R23,

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

Depopulation Processes in European Rural Areas: A Case Study of Cantabria (Spain)

Depopulation Processes in European Rural Areas: A Case Study of Cantabria (Spain)

Which rural settlements have lost the most population? An analysis of a case study of north-east Spain (Aragón) (1900–2001)

The part-time wage penalty: Does bargaining coverage outweigh regional differences in Spain?

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