Long-range wind monitoring in real time with optimized coherent lidar

Dolfi-Bouteyre, Agnès; Canat, Guillaume; Lombard, Laurent; Valla, Matthieu; Durécu, Anne; Besson, Claudine

doi:10.1117/1.oe.56.3.031217

Cited by 22 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Both estimators had similar performance and the latter was chosen because of computational efficiency. In addition, Dolfi-Bouteyre et al (2016) examined two simple methods (maximum and centroid), the previously mentioned ML approach, polynomial fitting and an adaptive filter method. The polynomial fitting method was found to perform best in laminar flow but it is suggested that in more complex flow, advanced estimators are needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of methods to derive radial wind speed from a continuous-wave coherent lidar Doppler spectrum

Held¹,

Mann²

2018

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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Abstract. Continuous-wave (cw) lidar systems offer the possibility to remotely sense wind speed but are also affected by differences in their measurement process compared to more traditional anemometry like cup or sonic anemometers. Their large measurement volume leads to an attenuation of turbulence. In this paper we study how different methods to derive the radial wind speed from a lidar Doppler spectrum can mitigate turbulence attenuation. The centroid, median and maximum methods are compared by estimating transfer functions and calculating root mean squared errors (RMSEs) between a lidar and a sonic anemometer. Numerical simulations and experimental results both indicate that the median method performed best in terms of RMSE and also had slight improvements over the centroid method in terms of volume averaging reduction. The maximum, even though it uses the least amount of information from the Doppler spectrum, performs best at mitigating the volume averaging effect. However, this benefit comes at the cost of increased signal noise due to discretisation of the maximum method. Thus, when the aim is to mitigate the effect of turbulence attenuation and obtain wind speed time series with low noise, from the results of this study we recommend using the median method. If the goal is to measure average wind speeds, all three methods perform equally well.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of methods to derive radial wind speed from a continuous-wave coherent lidar Doppler spectrum

Held¹,

Mann²

2018

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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“…La nouvelle réglementation européenne RECAT-EU a par exemple été déployée à l'aéroport Paris-Charles de Gaulle en 2016 grâce à des mesures du Lidar WINDCUBE200S. Les défis actuels et futurs pour des Lidars fibrés dans l'aéronautique sont la réalisation de mesures embarquées sur l'avion en configuration transverse ou axiale [5] ou encore la fourniture de cartographie 3D et rapide de vents et de turbulences à longue distance (>10 km) autour des sites aéroportuaires [7][8] afin de pouvoir anticiper les trajectoires des tourbillons de sillage et prévoir leurs durées de vie.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Détection et caractérisation des tourbillons de sillage des avions par Lidar Doppler

et al. 2019

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Dans un contexte où le trafic aérien s'accroît chaque jour, l'optimisation des débits en termes de décollage et d'atterrissage est devenue un enjeu majeur pour les aéroports à forte affluence. Ces débits sont principalement limités par la présence de tourbillons de sillage communément appelés wake vortex. Ceux-ci sont formés après le passage d'un avion et représentent un danger potentiel pour l'avion suivant. Afin d'éviter les accidents, les organisations de sûreté de la navigation aérienne ont défini, il y a plus de quarante ans, des distances de sécurité à respecter entre décollages ou atterrissages successifs. Ces distances prennent en compte la catégorie de poids des deux appareils en considérant des situations pire-cas. De nombreuses études ont été menées pour permettre une meilleure compréhension de ces tourbillons et ont permis de constater que leur comportement varie en fonction des conditions atmosphériques, en particulier en fonction du vent et de la turbulence atmosphérique. Afin d’étudier la dynamique de la masse d’air et l’évolution de ces phénomènes, on utilise depuis une dizaine d’années le Lidar (light detection and ranging). Le Lidar pulsé est devenu l’instrument de référence pour la mesure à distance des tourbillons de sillage (positions et puissance).

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“…where f IF is the frequency of the laser pulses] [34]. The carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR) is determined integrating the power spectral density over frequencies and dividing it by the integration over frequencies of the power spectral density of the noise [32].…”

Section: Air Flow Velocity Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Onboard wake vortex localization with a coherent 1.5 µm Doppler LIDAR for aircraft in formation flight configuration

et al. 2020

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An onboard LIght Detection And Ranging (LIDAR) sensor designed to track wake vortex created by aircraft in formation flight is presented. It uses short pulses (75 ns) to obtain a spatial resolution of ∼22.5 m required to resolve small-scale structures of vortices and a blind zone of 17.5 m to locate vortices next to the wing tip. Monte Carlo simulations show that vortex centers could be located within ±0.5 m. Flight tests were performed with two aircraft in formation flight configuration. The LIDAR, installed in the following aircraft, was able to measure, in real time (every 6 s), the air flow velocities induced by the vortices created by the leading aircraft. The software was used to determine the vortex centers. These measurements were coupled to global positioning system (GPS) measurements of the two aircraft positions to determine the falling velocity of the vortices and infer their circulations.

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Long-range wind monitoring in real time with optimized coherent lidar

Cited by 22 publications

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Comparison of methods to derive radial wind speed from a continuous-wave coherent lidar Doppler spectrum

Comparison of methods to derive radial wind speed from a continuous-wave coherent lidar Doppler spectrum

Détection et caractérisation des tourbillons de sillage des avions par Lidar Doppler

Onboard wake vortex localization with a coherent 1.5 µm Doppler LIDAR for aircraft in formation flight configuration

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