Long-range ordering effect in electrodeposition of zinc and zinc oxide

Liu, Tao; Wang, Sheng; Shi, Zhenming; Ma, Guobin; Wang, Mu; Peng, Ru‐Wen; Hao, Xi-Ping; Ming, Nai‐Ben

doi:10.1103/physreve.75.051606

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…4C-3. The observation of ZnO on the surface of Zn metal anode is supported by other ex situ electron microscopy studies (91,92) and in situ characterization techniques, e.g., electrochemicalacoustic time-of-flight analysis (93).…”

Section: Chemistry Of the Electrolyte And The Seimentioning

confidence: 68%

Controlling electrochemical growth of metallic zinc electrodes: Toward affordable rechargeable energy storage systems

2021

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Scalable approaches for precisely manipulating the growth of crystals are of broad-based science and technological interest. New research interests have reemerged in a subgroup of these phenomena—electrochemical growth of metals in battery anodes. In this Review, the geometry of the building blocks and their mode of assembly are defined as key descriptors to categorize deposition morphologies. To control Zn electrodeposit morphology, we consider fundamental electrokinetic principles and the associated critical issues. It is found that the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) formed on Zn has a similarly strong influence as for alkali metals at low current regimes, characterized by a moss-like morphology. Another key conclusion is that the unique crystal structure of Zn, featuring high anisotropy facets resulting from the hexagonal close-packed lattice with a c/a ratio of 1.85, imposes predominant influences on its growth. In our view, precisely regulating the SEI and the crystallographic features of the Zn offers exciting opportunities that will drive transformative progress.

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Section: Chemistry Of the Electrolyte And The Seimentioning

confidence: 68%

Controlling electrochemical growth of metallic zinc electrodes: Toward affordable rechargeable energy storage systems

2021

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“…In that case, the ZnO crystallites are plate-shaped and densely stand on the deposit branches. 19 We had carried out the electron diffraction of such a case and found that clear diffraction spots of ZnO appeared together with those from zinc. 19 Now we try to understand why each layer has the same crystallographic orientation in the electrodeposition of zinc.…”

Section: Experimental Methods and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Self‐organization of periodically structured single‐crystalline zinc branches by electrodeposition

Liu

Wang

et al. 2006

Surface & Interface Analysis

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We report here the electrodeposition of periodically structured single-crystalline zinc branches from an ultrathin aqueous electrolyte layer of ZnSO 4 . The main trunk and side branches of electrodeposits are regularly angled, and each branch is made of periodic bead-like structures. Layered morphology has been observed on each bead. During electrodeposition, spontaneous oscillation of electric current occurs when constant voltage is applied across the electrodes, and the oscillation leads to periodic patterns on deposit branches. According to electron diffraction of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the whole branch of electrodeposits has the same crystallographic orientation despite the fact that the branch looks like an assembly of beads. We interpret this unique growth behavior to the epitaxial nucleation in the transport-limited growth system.

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“…Detailed description of the electrodeposition system can be found in refs. [22][23][24][25]. Dry nitrogen gas flowed through the electrodeposition chamber to prevent water condensation on the glass window, so in situ optical observation could be applied to monitor the solidification processes of the electrolyte and the electrodeposition process.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The striped substrate before electrodeposition is shown in Figure 1b, where the darker stripe region is covered with PMMA, and the brighter area is the surface of silicon substrate. The height of the PMMA stripes is about 80 nm.On a PMMA-striped silicon substrate, we carry out copper electrodeposition with our previously reported ultrathin electrochemical-deposition setup, [22][23][24][25] where copper nanowires grow in an ultrathin electrolyte layer of a few hundred nanometers thick. The schematic diagrams of the experimental setup are shown in Figure 1c.…”

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confidence: 99%

Creating In‐Plane Metallic‐Nanowire Arrays by Corner‐Mediated Electrodeposition

et al. 2009

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Metallic microstructures are the essential building blocks in microelectronics as electric interconnection between different functioning parts. [1] In the blooming field of optoelectronics, metallic microstructures also play a key role due to surfaceplasmon-plariton-related effects, [2,3] applications in miniaturization of photonic circuits, [4,5] near-field optics, [6] and singlemolecule optical sensing. [7,8] The electromagnetic resonance in metallic microstructures may offer unique properties that do not exist in natural materials, such as negative refractive index. [9,10] In previous studies, metallic microstructures were usually fabricated by photolithography, which was time-consuming and costly. [11] Template-assisted electrodeposition is an easy way to fabricate microstructures. For example, anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) [12][13][14] and polymeric membranes [15] have been used as molds, and the size of the channels in these systems can reach a few nanometers.[16] However, the destructivity in removal template renders it difficult to preserve the spatial order among the nanowires, [17,18] hence limits their applications in optoelectronics. We once introduced a selective electrodeposition method to fabricate two-dimensional metallic structures, where the substrate surface was modified by stripes of lipid monolayers, on which nucleation of metal crystallites was easier.[19] However, in that case the width of the metallic wires was limited by the geometrical shape of templates, that is, the width of metallic wires could not be tuned unless a new template was used. Furthermore, previously fabricated wires [19] were essentially flat belts lying on the substrate, which would not be effective if applied to sensors where a large specific surface area is usually expected. [20] Therefore, one of the important challenges in fabricating metallic microstructures is to find an easy, repeatable, and controllable method to meet the increasing demands in optoelectronics and plasmonics.In this communication, we report a new template-assisted electrochemical approach to fabricate arrays of metallic nanowires. Unlike conventional template-assisted growth, where the generated wires are confined by the size of template, in our case the width of the metallic wires can be tuned by changing the control parameters of electrodeposition. By imprinting polymer stripes on a silicon surface, the concave corner of polymer stripes and silicon substrate provides a preferential nucleation site for the formation of metal nanowires. The width of wires can be tuned from 25 nm to a few hundred nanometers. Further, we demonstrate that this method can be applied for fabricating more complicated structures rather than straight lines only.In our experiments, the metallic nanowires are electrodeposited with the help of polymer stripes embossed on silicon surfaces. To form the patterned substrate, a thin film of poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) (mr-I 7030E M w ¼ 75 kDa) is initially spin-coated on the silicon wafer. The film thickness is about 300 nm. Th...

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Long-range ordering effect in electrodeposition of zinc and zinc oxide

Cited by 10 publications

References 32 publications

Controlling electrochemical growth of metallic zinc electrodes: Toward affordable rechargeable energy storage systems

Controlling electrochemical growth of metallic zinc electrodes: Toward affordable rechargeable energy storage systems

Self‐organization of periodically structured single‐crystalline zinc branches by electrodeposition

Creating In‐Plane Metallic‐Nanowire Arrays by Corner‐Mediated Electrodeposition

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