Long range intrinsic ferromagnetism in two dimensional materials and dissipationless future technologies

Abstract

The inherent susceptibility of low-dimensional materials to thermal fluctuations has long been expected to poses a major challenge to achieving intrinsic long-range ferromagnetic order in two-dimensional materials. The recent explosion of interest in atomically thin materials and their assembly into van der Waals heterostructures has renewed interest in two-dimensional ferromagnetism, which is interesting from a fundamental scientific point of view and also offers a missing ingredient necessary for the realization of spintronic functionality in van der Waals heterostructures. Recently several atomically thin materials have been shown to be robust ferromagnets. Such ferromagnetism is thought to be enabled by magneto crystalline anisotropy which suppresses thermal fluctuations. In this article, we review recent progress in two-dimensional ferromagnetism in detail and predict new possible two-dimensional ferromagnetic materials. We also discuss the prospects for applications of atomically thin ferromagnets in novel dissipationless electronics, spintronics, and other conventional magnetic technologies. Particularly atomically thin ferromagnets are promising to realize time reversal symmetry breaking in two-dimensional topological systems,

Strain-Induced Room-Temperature Ferromagnetic Semiconductors with Large Anomalous Hall Conductivity in Two-Dimensional Cr2Ge2Se6

“…The ferromagnetism with high T c was also reported in experiment in the monolayer VSe 2 [12] and MnSe 2 [13]. Despite the relatively small number of monolayer ferromagnetic materials realized in experiment, predicting promising candidates by first principles calculations can provide reliable reference for experiments [14,15]. Researchers have also studied possible * gubo@ucas.ac.cn † gsu@ucas.ac.cn 2D ferromagnetic materials by machine learning [16] and high-throughput calculations [17].…”

Coexisting structural phases in the catalytically driven growth of rock salt GdN

“…The last decade has seen an enormous expansion in studies of intrinsic ferromagnetic semiconductors, either 2D dimensional materials or thin films, which has opened a powerful new perspective in materials science and spintronics applications [1][2][3][4][5]. Within this scenario the fourteen mononitrides of the rare-earth (RENs) are of special interest as they are to date the only known series of intrinsic ferromagnetic semiconductors [1].…”

Electronic structure and magnetic properties of few-layer Cr 2 Ge 2 Te 6 : the key role of nonlocal electron–electron interaction effects

“…The atomic nature of these materials is obviously rather complex and a microscopic understanding of their ground-state properties requires massive use of ab initio theories, especially density-functional theory (DFT) 32 . In the context of few-layer magnetic crystals, the greatest deal of efforts has been devoted to the study of CrI 3 10,33-53 , while Cr 2 Ge 2 Te 6 appears to be less studied 6,7,45,[55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63] and rich in controversial findings, as we discuss below.…”