Long-range energy transfer in a soluble polymer by an energy-transfer cascade

Chemical approaches to artificial photosynthesis

“…Water oxidation and O 2 evolution occur at the reaction center in PSII (1,(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24). Oxygen is evolved after sequential absorption of four photons through the four stages of the Kok cycle from S 0 to S 4 .…”

Mimicking the antenna-electron transfer properties of photosynthesis

“…By controlling the amount and order of addition, it is possible to attach more than one complex on single polymer strand, allowing for the construction of complex molecular assemblies with tailored properties (23)(24)(25)28 …”

“…One is based on constructing complex supramolecular assemblies in which the various components are linked together by chemical bonds (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22). The second utilizes various supports such as polymers (23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32), zeolites (33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38), sol-gel glasses (39 -41), lipid membranes (42,43), or selfassembled films (44 -47) as scaffolds for incorporating and organizing the necessary components.…”

“…We (23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28) and others (29 -32) have used derivatized polymers to gain insight into various aspects of the photosynthetic process. Recently, we showed, for example, that polymeric assemblies derivatized with polypyridyl complexes of Ru II and Os II display antenna and energy transport properties similar to natural photosynthetic systems (48,49).…”

“…This copolymer is a versatile precursor for the addition of a variety of functional groups. Nucleophilic displacement of chloride from the pendant chloromethyl groups provides a means for attachment of functional groups by either ether or amide linkages (23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28).…”