Long-Range Attraction and Molecular Rearrangements in Receptor-Ligand Interactions

Abstract

A surface force apparatus was used to measure a long-range attractive protein-ligand force at separations D less than 85 angstroms. This force may effectively "steer" ligand trajectories, resulting in a greater than 27-fold enhancement of the association rate. A much stronger specific attraction is measured at contact (D less than 4 angstroms). A sevenfold increase in intermembrane adhesion resulted from increased lateral mobility of the receptors and molecular rearrangements in membranes above the solid-fluid transition temperature.

Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule (N-CAM) Homophilic Binding Mediated by the Two N-terminal Ig Domains Is Influenced by Intramolecular Domain-Domain Interactions

“…In addition, Fc-mediated dimerization served to increase the local protein concentration. As the flexibility of adhesion molecules immobilized on surfaces has been shown to affect binding (29), the recombinant proteins were expressed as both covalent and non-covalent dimers by the selective incorporation of the hinge region of Fc (Fig. 1A).…”

Snap transitions in adhesion

“…Despite the complexity of the underlying physics, the effective behavior of the adhesive layer is generally characterized by moderate range attractive interactions and short-range repulsive interactions (Israelachvilli, 1985;Maugis, 2000). Examples include the interactions between mica surfaces (Israelachvili and Tabor, 1972), polymer layers in solvent (Klein, 1982;Taunton et al, 1988), and the interactions of receptor-ligand systems (Leckband et al, 1992;Leckband et al, 1994;Wong et al, 1997). These general observations are captured by adopting a simple and classical description of the adhesive potential that is derived from Lennard-Jones interactions.…”

“…These adhesion parameters are taken to describe the cumulative interactions between the surfaces, including electrostatic forces, Van der Waals forces, steric repulsion, and the specific forces of fixed surface groups. Theoretical (Muller, Deryagin and Toporov, 1983;Israelachvilli, 1985;Maugis, 2000) and experimental (Israelachvili and Tabor, 1972;Klein, 1982;Leckband et al, 1992;Leckband et al, 1994;Wong et al, 1997;Leckband and Israelachvili, 2001) support for the adopted adhesion law is available in the literature.…”

In situ observation of streptavidin‐biotin binding on an immunoassay well surface using an atomic force microscope

“…By attaching complementary bionolecules to the AFM probe and the opposing surface this lbility has been exploited to measure the forces required to ~eparate specific biomolecular interactions [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. The strepavidin-biotin complex as a model receptor-ligand interaction 1as generated much interest by virtue of its high specificity md affinity (K~ = 10 -15 mol 1-1) and general applicability as an immobilisation method [8,13,16,17]. The streptavidin-bio-*Corresponding author.…”