Long-range atmospheric transport of PAHs, PCBs and PBDEs to the central and eastern Mediterranean and changes of PCB and PBDE congener patterns in summer 2010

Mulder, Marie D.; Heil, Angelika; Kukučka, Petr; Kuta, Jan; Příbylová, Petra; Prokeš, Roman; Lammel, Gerhard

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.03.044

Cited by 32 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The DDX concentrations were found to be on average 1.1 and 5.0 pg/m 3 over the German Bight and the North Sea, respectively. These are similar to the European median background which was 3.8 pg/m 3 in summer 2006 (Halse et al 2012) and to the findings in the open Mediterranean (2.6 and 2.7–5.2 pg/m 3 in the summers 2010 and 2012; Mulder et al 2015; Lammel et al 2015). …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Such an isomer ratio is uncommon in Europe: p , p′ -DDT/ o , p′ -DDT ≈ 3.6 was found as a long-term mean at a central European background site, Košetice (Holoubek et al 2007). p , p′ -DDT/ o , p′ -DDT ≈ 2 and ≈6 were found in the marine boundary layer of the Mediterranean (Mulder et al 2015) and in free tropospheric air sampled in the Alps (Lammel et al 2009), respectively. Such values are closer to the isomer ratio upon primary emission as a pesticide ( p , p′ -DDT/ o , p′ -DDT ≈ 5), while the ratio in DDT released to the environment as an impurity of another pesticide, dicofol, is often lower.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Persistent organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in air of the North Sea region and air-sea exchange

Mai

Theobald

Hühnerfuß

et al. 2016

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were studied to determine occurrence, levels and spatial distribution in the marine atmosphere and surface seawater during cruises in the German Bight and the wider North Sea in spring and summer 2009–2010. In general, the concentrations found in air are similar to, or below, the levels at coastal or near-coastal sites in Europe. Hexachlorobenzene and α-hexachlorocyclohexane (α-HCH) were close to phase equilibrium, whereas net atmospheric deposition was observed for γ-HCH. The results suggest that declining trends of HCH in seawater have been continuing for γ-HCH but have somewhat levelled off for α-HCH. Dieldrin displayed a close to phase equilibrium in nearly all the sampling sites, except in the central southwestern part of the North Sea. Here atmospheric deposition dominates the air-sea exchange. This region, close to the English coast, showed remarkably increased surface seawater concentrations. This observation depended neither on riverine input nor on the elevated abundances of dieldrin in the air masses of central England. A net depositional flux of p,p′-DDE into the North Sea was indicated by both its abundance in the marine atmosphere and the changes in metabolite pattern observed in the surface water from the coast towards the open sea. The long-term trends show that the atmospheric concentrations of DDT and its metabolites are not declining. Riverine input is a major source of PCBs in the German Bight and the wider North Sea. Atmospheric deposition of the lower molecular weight PCBs (PCB28 and PCB52) was indicated as a major source for surface seawater pollution.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11356-016-7530-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in air of the North Sea region and air-sea exchange

Mai

Theobald

Hühnerfuß

et al. 2016

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…305 f w is derived from the mean concentrations in seawater at two locations (see SI, Table S6, (Table 2). These results are the same as determined based on passive air sampling 311 at several locations along the shore at and near Selles Beach (Lammel et al, 2015). 312…”

Section: Diffusive Air-sea Exchange 291supporting

confidence: 57%

Bi-directional air-sea exchange and accumulation of POPs (PAHs, PCBs, OCPs and PBDEs) in the nocturnal marine boundary layer

Lammel¹,

Meixner²,

Vrana³

et al. 2016

Preprint

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Abstract. As a consequence of long-range transported pollution air-sea exchange can become a major source of persistent organic pollutants in remote marine environments. The vertical gradients in air of 14 species i.e., 4 parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 3 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 3 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and 2 polybrominated diphenylethers (PBDEs) in the gas-phase were quantified at a remote coastal site in the southern Aegean Sea in summer. Most vertical gradients were positive (&#916;c/&#916;z > 0) indicating downward (net depositional) flux. Significant upward (net volatilisational) fluxes were found for 3 PAHs, mostly during day-time, and for 2 OCPs, mostly during night-time, as well as for 1 PCB and 1 PBDE during part of the measurements. While phenanthrene was deposited, fluoranthene (FLT) and pyrene (PYR) seem to undergo flux oscillation, hereby not following a day/night cycle. Box modelling confirms that volatilisation from the sea surface has significantly contributed to the night-time maxima of OCPs. Fluxes were quantified based on Eddy covariance. Deposition fluxes ranged &#8722;28.5 &#8722; +1.8 &#956;g m&#8722;2 d&#8722;1 for PAHs and &#8722;3.4 &#8722; +0.9 &#956;g m&#8722;2 d&#8722;1 for halogenated compounds. Dry particle deposition of FLT and PYR did not contribute significantly to the vertical flux.

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“…(13, 14) A recent study conducted on orcas and other dolphins in Europeans waters (15) has shown the persistence of PCBs at dangerously high levels in cetaceans, even exceeding the levels found in the Artic where PCBs are thought to accumulate more. Additional studies have demonstrated the accumulation of atmospheric POPs over Central and Eastern Europe specifically during the summer time (16), increasing the chances for direct exposure through inhalation which can have adverse effects on human health. Of specific concern are Slovakia and Poland, which are some of the most PCB contaminated places in Europe (17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances on iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles as sorbents of organic pollutants in water and wastewater treatment

Gutiérrez

Dziubla

Hilt

2017

Reviews on Environmental Health

176

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Abstract The constant growth in population worldwide over the past decades continues to put forward the need to provide access to safe, clean water to meet human needs. There is a need for cost-effective technologies for water and wastewater treatment that can meet the global demands and the rigorous water quality standards and at the same maximizing pollutant efficiency removal. Current remediation technologies have failed in keeping up with these factors without becoming cost-prohibitive. Most recently, nanotechnology has been sought as the best alternative to increase access to water supplies by remediating those already contaminated and offering ways to access unconventional sources. The use of iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles as nanoadsorbents has led way to a new class of magnetic separation strategies for water treatment. This review focuses on highlighting some of the most recent advances in core-shell iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles and nanocomposites containing iron oxide nanoparticles currently being developed for water and wastewater treatment of organic pollutants. We discuss the novelty of these novel materials and the insight gained from their advances that can help develop cost-effective reusable technologies for scale-up and commercial use.

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Long-range atmospheric transport of PAHs, PCBs and PBDEs to the central and eastern Mediterranean and changes of PCB and PBDE congener patterns in summer 2010

Cited by 32 publications

References 56 publications

Persistent organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in air of the North Sea region and air-sea exchange

Persistent organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in air of the North Sea region and air-sea exchange

Bi-directional air-sea exchange and accumulation of POPs (PAHs, PCBs, OCPs and PBDEs) in the nocturnal marine boundary layer

Recent advances on iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles as sorbents of organic pollutants in water and wastewater treatment

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