Long polar fimbriae and tissue tropism in Escherichia coli O157:H7

Fitzhenry, Robert; Dahan, Sivan; Torres, Alfredo G.; Chong, Y. F.; Heuschkel, Robert; Murch, Simon; Thomson, Mike; Kaper, James B.; Frankel, Gad; Phillips, Alan D.

doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2006.02.012

Cited by 47 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(54 reference statements)

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“…(i) The LPF are a novel determinant of EHEC O157:H7 tropism for the human intestinal tract (9). The expression of the LPF in LEE-negative strains of EHEC is believed to be important for the development of severe diarrhea and hence is potentially clinically relevant (8,23).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lpf2 operon has also been linked to adherence to epithelial cells (34), and its expression in other pathogenic E. coli strains is believed to be important for the development of severe diarrhea (8,23). E. coli O157:H7 strains harboring mutations in one or both of the lpf loci have diminished colonization abilities in animal models (swine and sheep) (12) and also display an altered human intestinal tissue tropism (9). Furthermore, the role of LPF as a colonization factor associated with persistence in the intestine was elucidated using a lamb model of infection (37).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Genes Related to Long Polar Fimbriae of Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strains as Reliable Markers To Identify Virulent Isolates

et al. 2009

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Lpf (stands for long polar fimbriae) is one of the few adhesive factors of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 associated with colonization of the intestine. E. coli O157:H7 strains possess two lpf loci encoding highly regulated fimbrial structures. Database analysis of the genes encoding the major fimbrial subunits demonstrated that they are present in commensal as well as pathogenic (both intestinal and extraintestinal) E. coli strains and in Salmonella strains and that the lpfA1 and lpfA2 genes are highly prevalent among LEE (locus of enterocyte effacement)-positive E. coli strains associated with severe and/or epidemic disease. Further DNA sequence analysis of the lpfA1 and lpfA2 genes from different attaching-and-effacing E. coli strains has led us to the identification of several polymorphisms and the classification of the major fimbrial subunits into distinct variants. Using collections of pathogenic E. coli isolates from Europe and Latin America, we demonstrated that the different lpfA types are associated with the presence of specific intimin (eae) adhesin variants and, most importantly, that they are found in specific E. coli pathotypes. Our results showed that the use of these fimbrial genes as markers, in combination with the different intimin types, resulted in a specific test for the identification of E. coli O157:H7, distinguishing it from other pathogenic E. coli strains.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Genes Related to Long Polar Fimbriae of Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strains as Reliable Markers To Identify Virulent Isolates

et al. 2009

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“…Phillips and coworkers have established an IVOC from pediatric biopsy specimens of duodenum mounted in a modified MicroSnapwell system specifically adapted for use with 2-to 3-mmdiameter biopsy samples. This IVOC system has been used mainly to study the mechanisms of virulence of ETEC (839), EPEC (840)(841)(842)(843)(844)(845)(846)(847)(848)(849)(850)(851), EHEC (852)(853)(854)(855)(856)(857), EAEC (507,858), and Salmonella (392) and the action of Stx toxins (641). Other IVOCs have been used for studies on C. jejuni (859), EPEC (692,860,861), EAEC (645,(862)(863)(864), and Shigella (865) pathogenesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis of Human Enterovirulent Bacteria: Lessons from Cultured, Fully Differentiated Human Colon Cancer Cell Lines

Moal

Servin

2013

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

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SUMMARY Hosts are protected from attack by potentially harmful enteric microorganisms, viruses, and parasites by the polarized fully differentiated epithelial cells that make up the epithelium, providing a physical and functional barrier. Enterovirulent bacteria interact with the epithelial polarized cells lining the intestinal barrier, and some invade the cells. A better understanding of the cross talk between enterovirulent bacteria and the polarized intestinal cells has resulted in the identification of essential enterovirulent bacterial structures and virulence gene products playing pivotal roles in pathogenesis. Cultured animal cell lines and cultured human nonintestinal, undifferentiated epithelial cells have been extensively used for understanding the mechanisms by which some human enterovirulent bacteria induce intestinal disorders. Human colon carcinoma cell lines which are able to express in culture the functional and structural characteristics of mature enterocytes and goblet cells have been established, mimicking structurally and functionally an intestinal epithelial barrier. Moreover, Caco-2-derived M-like cells have been established, mimicking the bacterial capture property of M cells of Peyer's patches. This review intends to analyze the cellular and molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis of human enterovirulent bacteria observed in infected cultured human colon carcinoma enterocyte-like HT-29 subpopulations, enterocyte-like Caco-2 and clone cells, the colonic T84 cell line, HT-29 mucus-secreting cell subpopulations, and Caco-2-derived M-like cells, including cell association, cell entry, intracellular lifestyle, structural lesions at the brush border, functional lesions in enterocytes and goblet cells, functional and structural lesions at the junctional domain, and host cellular defense responses.

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“…94,95 Long polar fimbria (LPF) play a significant role in EHEC adherence to epithelial cells, although they are not present in all strains. 96 A variety of non-fimbrial adhesins have been identified for both EPEC and EHEC ( Table 1). EHEC factor for adherence (Efa-1), found in some EHEC strains, contributes to in vitro adherence.…”

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confidence: 99%