Long persistent near infrared luminescence nanoprobes LiGa5O8:Cr3+-PEG-OCH3 for in vivo imaging

Predicting the afterglow duration in persistent phosphors: a validated approach to derive trap depth distributions

“…Of course at 40 1C, more traps are emptied faster, but an appreciable fraction of filled traps remains, helpful for access by OSL in in vivo experiments. 20,40 These simulations immediately show the potential of the phosphor LGO:Cr in bio-imaging applications.…”

“…We further use the model to predict afterglow properties at elevated temperatures, as relevant for instance in the case of in vivo imaging, and confirm the stability of the deep-lying traps for storage or for read-out by means of optical stimulation. 23,40,41 Materials & methods Phosphor powder samples of LiGa 5 O 8 :Cr were made according to a solid state synthesis procedure, described in previous work. 21,22 The Cr concentration was 1% of the Ga content.…”

Probing the local structure of the near-infrared emitting persistent phosphor LiGa5O8:Cr3+

“…22 The LGO:Cr phosphor has excellent properties for potential bioimaging applications, as it combines emission around 718 nm with good chemical stability in water and low toxicity. 22,23 The overall structure of the LGO host was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the effects of the addition of Si(IV) and Ge(IV) were studied. The latter tetravalent ions introduce charge mismatch in the lattice, which promotes the formation of compensating defects.…”

Dual mode NIR long persistent phosphorescence and NIR-to-NIR Stokes luminescence in La3Ga5GeO14: Cr3+, Nd3+ phosphor

“…For example, Chermont [14] and colleagues have demonstrated in vivo imaging by using a LPP probe with the duration of around 1 h. Maldiney [15] [18,19]. In a recent study, the in vivo distribution of the LiGa 5 O 8 : Cr 3+ -PEG-5000-OCH 3 in the abdomen of mouse can be detected in real time for more than 1 h [20].…”