Long Offset Transient Electromagnetic (LOTEM) for monitoring fluid injection in petroleum reservoirs – Preliminar results of Fazenda Alvorada Field (Brazil)

Ceia, Marco; Carrasquilla, Abel; Sato, Hédison Kiuity; Lima, Olivar A. L. de

doi:10.1190/sbgf2007-013

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Only limited geophysical techniques have been applied to resolve this. Seal integrity -an important issue for EOR, CO2 storage monitoring, and induced seismicity with geothermal production monitoring -is best addressed with microseismics [18] while water flood front best with EM [19][20][21][22]. Since the flooded reservoir is conductive and the hydrocarbon saturated part is resistive, it is necessary to have both magnetic and electric field data [19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seal integrity -an important issue for EOR, CO2 storage monitoring, and induced seismicity with geothermal production monitoring -is best addressed with microseismics [18] while water flood front best with EM [19][20][21][22]. Since the flooded reservoir is conductive and the hydrocarbon saturated part is resistive, it is necessary to have both magnetic and electric field data [19][20]. After several 3D feasibility studies and noise tests, we select Controlled Source Electromagnetics (CSEM) in the time domain as the most sensitive method for land/onshore applications [19,21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Array Multi-Physics Acquisition System with Focus on Reservoir Monitoring for the Energy Transition

2022

EESRR

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During the energy transition, geophysics will need to focus on novel green energy applications and to reduce the carbon footprint of hydrocarbon production. For both reservoir, monitoring is important, in particular dynamic monitoring of reservoir fluids. For renewable energies such as geothermal, electromagnetics has always been the geophysical ‘work horse’, while mostly microseismic has been used for monitoring. For hydrocarbon reservoirs, added value toward ZERO carbon footprint is obtained by increasing the recovery factor by of 30-40 % and thus reducing the cost/carbon emission per produced barrel. In addition, CO2 is sequestered in brine saturated reservoirs and also needs to be monitored. We are addressing the fluid monitoring issue here for electromagnetics and are reviewing how hardware, methodology and application are interlinked to build a complete system. Various applications and case histories where the results can be verified by borehole logs support this. The key issue is that our measurement need to respond to geologic realistic Earth formations which are, generally speaking, anisotropic. We direct the entire design of the system in solving that problem with direc-tional sensitive measurements. Next, when we want to monitor reservoir change we require a repeatability and accuracy hereto not necessary. By carefully controlling the entire hardware design from sensor to applications stage this can be achieved and we can obtain log scale resolution from surface measurement which was hereto not possible.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Array Multi-Physics Acquisition System with Focus on Reservoir Monitoring for the Energy Transition

2022

EESRR

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“…Only limited geophysical techniques have been applied to resolve this. Seal integrity is best addressed with microseismics [16] while water flood front best with EM [17][18][19][20]. Since the flooded reservoir is conductive and the hydrocarbon saturated part is resistive, it is necessary to have both magnetic and electric field data [17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seal integrity is best addressed with microseismics [16] while water flood front best with EM [17][18][19][20]. Since the flooded reservoir is conductive and the hydrocarbon saturated part is resistive, it is necessary to have both magnetic and electric field data [17][18]. After careful 3D feasibility study and noise tests, we select Controlled Source Electromagnetics (CSEM) in the time domain as the most sensitive method for land/onshore applications [17,19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the flooded reservoir is conductive and the hydrocarbon saturated part is resistive, it is necessary to have both magnetic and electric field data [17][18]. After careful 3D feasibility study and noise tests, we select Controlled Source Electromagnetics (CSEM) in the time domain as the most sensitive method for land/onshore applications [17,19,20]. From the 3D modeling, we derived as key requirement that borehole and surface data needed to be integrated by measuring between surface-to-borehole and calibrated using conventional logs including the resistivity anisotropy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Array Multi-Physics Acquisition System with Focus on Reservoir Monitoring

Strack¹,

Paembonan²,

Davydycheva³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Focusing geophysics to improve recovery factor of hydrocarbon reservoirs adds value and contributes toward ZERO carbon footprint by increasing the recovery factor by of 30-40 % and thus reducing the cost/carbon emission per produced barrel. Thus, the Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) market is expected to grow more than 3.5% annually. This will be even more fueled by the Green-House-Gas (GHG) reduction and subsequent CO2 injection into the reservoirs as they are being produced. Presently, geophysics only ac-counts for a small percentage of this market, thus its growth is inevitable since more deterministic observation lead higher operating efficiency. Imaging the fluids (hydro-carbon, water, and CO2) is a key component to optimized production and injection. We designed a novel electromagnetic (EM) acquisition system that combines mul-ti-physics fluid imaging and acquires surface and borehole data with high fidelity. Borehole calibration is needed to upscale reservoir data and parameters to measurement scale. Multiple electromagnetic methods are used as well as microseismics in one layout for Exploration and Production (E & P) problems. Multi-components in electromagnetics allows resolving oil and water-bearing zones equally well while achieving the best ac-curacy suitable for repeat measurements. Because sedimentary basins are intrinsically anisotropic, considering 3-dimensional anisotropy is essential from measurement and 3D modeling viewpoint. Thus, the results have the better subsurface images. Here, we combine hardware design, methodology, 3D modeling, processing, and interpretations into an integrated technology and demonstrate the success with verifiable case histories.

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