Long non-coding RNAs in normal and malignant hematopoiesis

Abstract

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are defined as ncRNAs of more than 200 nt in length. They are involved in a large spectrum of biological processes, such as maintenance of genome integrity, genomic imprinting, cell differentiation, and development by means of mechanisms that remain to be fully elucidated. Besides their role in normal cellular physiology, accumulating evidence has linked lncRNA expression and functions to cancer development and progression. In this review, we summarize and discuss what is known about their expression and roles in hematopoiesis with a particular focus on their cell-type specificity, functional interactions, and involvement in the pathobiology of hematological malignancies.

Utilizing next-generation sequencing in the management of multiple myeloma

“…This could be particularly meaningful in MM, where disease-specific alternate splicing events of several genes have been reported [76,77,78]. Moreover, RNA-seq is the technology of choice for the discovery and genome-wide expression analysis of non-coding RNAs, whose involvement in MM is increasingly documented and that are being investigated as a therapeutic target [79,80]. …”

Beyond mRNA: The role of non-coding RNAs in normal and aberrant hematopoiesis

“…Another type of classification based on location of the transcript relative to protein-coding mRNA has also been employed [79] and to date comprises of six categories. 1 ) Long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) lies within the genomic interval between two coding genes at least 1 kilobase (kb) away from the nearest coding gene [79].…”

“…1 ) Long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) lies within the genomic interval between two coding genes at least 1 kilobase (kb) away from the nearest coding gene [79]. 2) Enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) displays enhancer-like activity and upregulates expression via the Mediator complex [74].…”

“…2) Enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) displays enhancer-like activity and upregulates expression via the Mediator complex [74]. 3) Antisense lncRNAs consist of transcript overlapping with sequence within one or more exons of another transcript on the same, or opposite strand [79]. 4) Bidirectional lncRNA occurs when the sequence is located on the opposite strand from a protein coding gene whose transcription is initiated less than 1000 base pairs away [80].…”

“…It is transcribed antisense within an intron of the inositol triphosphate receptor type 1 ( ITPR1 ) gene [79]. EGO is highly expressed in human bone marrow and in mature eosinophils [87].…”