Long-lived compositional heterogeneities in magma chambers, and implications for volcanic hazard

Garg, Deepak; Papale, Paolo; Colucci, Simone; Longo, Antonella

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-40160-1

Cited by 13 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Magma mixing is typically driven either by gravitational Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities, involving contacts between magmas with different densities due to compositional, thermal or phase stratifications (e.g., Jellinek et al, 1999;Montagna et al, 2015;Garg et al, 2019); or by percolation of pressurized magmas arriving from depth into mushy reservoirs (Bachmann and Bergantz, 2003;Seropian et al, 2018).…”

Section: Magma Mixingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Density and viscosity of the two melts are computed a-priori using the MagmaFOAM utility Test-magmaThermoMixture. As a test case, we reproduce at small scale a typical (Garg et al, 2019) interaction among a volatile-rich basalt (X H2O = 2 wt%) and a chemically more evolved andesitic melt. Temperature is set to T = 1300 o C and pressure is atmospheric.…”

Section: Magma Mixingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given the reduced number of equations needed to track the evolution of the mixture, this is a more convenient approach when there is a strong thermo-mechanical coupling between phases. Simulations of magma mixing (Longo et al, 2012;Garg et al, 2019) and conduit dynamics (de' Michieli Vitturi et al, 2008a;Melnik and Sparks, 2006) as well as volcanic plumes (e.g., Suzuki et al, 2005) are only few examples of application.…”

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confidence: 99%

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MagmaFOAM-1.0: a modular framework for the simulation of magmatic systems

Brogi

Colucci

Matrone

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. Numerical simulations of volcanic processes play a fundamental role in understanding the dynamics of magma storage, ascent and eruption. The recent extraordinary progress in computer performance and improvements in numerical modeling techniques allow simulating multiphase systems in mechanical and thermodynamical disequilibrium. Nonetheless, the growing complexity of these simulations requires the development of flexible computational tools that can easily switch between sub-models and solution techniques. In this work we present MagmaFOAM, a library based on the open source computational fluid dynamics software OpenFOAM, that incorporates models for solving the dynamics of multiphase, multicomponent magmatic systems. Retaining the modular structure of OpenFOAM, MagmaFOAM allows run-time selection of the solution technique depending on the physics of the specific process, and sets a solid framework for in-house and community model development, testing and comparison. MagmaFOAM models thermo-mechanical non-equilibrium phase coupling and phase change, and implements state-of-the-art multiple volatile saturation models and constitutive equations with composition-dependent and space-time local computation of thermodynamic and transport properties. Code testing is performed using different multiphase modeling approches for processes relevant to magmatic systems: Rayleigh-Taylor instability, for buyoancy-driven magmatic processes; multiphase shock tube simulations, propedeutical to conduit dynamics studies; bubble growth and breakage in basaltic melts. Benchmark simulations illustrate the capabilities and potential of MagmaFOAM to account for the variety of non-linear physical and thermodynamical processes characterizing the dynamics of volcanic systems.

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Section: Magma Mixingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Magma Mixingmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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MagmaFOAM-1.0: a modular framework for the simulation of magmatic systems

Brogi

Colucci

Matrone

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Recent modeling studies suggest that rapid mixing of magma may lead to long-lived magma chamber heterogeneity even without addition of new batches of magma (Garg et al, 2019). Additionally, petrological evidence suggests that parts of the magma chamber were at much higher temperatures than the inferred average at Soufrière Hills Volcano.…”

Section: Implications For Long Period Oscillations At Silicic Volcanomentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Degassing on Magmatic Gas Waves and Long Period Eruptive Precursors at Silicic Volcanoes

et al. 2020

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Cyclical ground deformation, associated seismicity, and elevated degassing are important precursors to explosive eruptions at silicic volcanoes. Regular intervals for elevated activity (6-30 hr) have been observed at volcanoes such as Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines and Soufrière Hills in Montserrat. Here, we explore a hypothesis originally proposed by Michaut et al. (2013, https://doi.org/10.1038/ ngeo1928) where porosity waves containing magmatic gas are responsible for the observed periodic behavior. We use two-phase theory to construct a model where volatile-rich, bubbly, viscous magma rises and decompresses. We conduct numerical experiments where magma gas waves with various frequencies are imposed at the base of the model volcanic conduit. We numerically verify the results of Michaut et al. (2013,

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“…These and other examples show that magma intrusion into and extraction out of magma chambers are dynamic and linked processes (e.g., Cashman et al, 2017;Eichelberger & Izbekov, 2000;Garg et al, 2019). Geochronological, geochemical, and numerical studies have been used to assess the fraction of melt that can be extracted out of magma chambers (e.g., Aravena et al, 2017;Caricchi et al, 2016;Hartung et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Modeling of Dike Propagation Out of Continuously and Episodically Growing Midcrustal Magma Chambers

Chen

Nábělek

2020

JGR Solid Earth

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In the continental crust, the probability of dike propagation out of magma chambers is governed by thermal, rheological, and pressure conditions of magma chamber‐wall rock systems. Incremental injection of melt into an average‐size, laccolith‐shaped, midcrustal magma chamber produces a volume of mobile magma at the bottom of the chamber that has the potential to escape as dikes through the upper, immobile portion of the chamber and the roof. Here we numerically model the conditions needed for dike propagation out of a magma chamber during continuous and episodic injections of melt into the chamber. The roles of magma buoyancy and overpressure from melt injections in generating dikes are explored within 1.78 × 104 to 1.78 × 108 Pa·s range of magma viscosities (μmag), 10 to 40 GPa range of elastic moduli (E) of the immobile top portion of the magma chamber, and 10 and 20 kyr durations of chamber growth. During episodic, high‐flux melt injections (tens of km3/yr), magma overpressure can reach >100 MPa and initiate dike propagation even when μmag and E are near the high ends of the examined ranges. The probability of generating dikes diminishes when the injection flux is lower. Continuous low‐flux injections favor magma accumulation because injection overpressure never exceeds 20 MPa. During either continuous or episodic growth of magma chamber, there is never a sufficient amount of mobile magma in the chamber for dikes to be induced by magma buoyancy alone.

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Long-lived compositional heterogeneities in magma chambers, and implications for volcanic hazard

Cited by 13 publications

References 55 publications

MagmaFOAM-1.0: a modular framework for the simulation of magmatic systems

MagmaFOAM-1.0: a modular framework for the simulation of magmatic systems

The Effects of Degassing on Magmatic Gas Waves and Long Period Eruptive Precursors at Silicic Volcanoes

Numerical Modeling of Dike Propagation Out of Continuously and Episodically Growing Midcrustal Magma Chambers

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